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    Hermes 900 to Assume SaR Missions in the South China Sea

    By
    Tamir Eshel
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    Hermes 900 can carry up to four, six-person life-rafts under its wings. A gradual inflation process of the life-rafts is initiated after dispatch and is completed upon landing. Photo: Elbit Systems' video

    Elbit Systems has recently delivered Unmanned Aerial Systems equipped for maritime search and rescue to an undisclosed customer in South-East Asia. In this configuration, the Hermes 900 is equipped with detection and identification systems, precision dispatch capability, and up to four inflatable life rafts, each can rescue six survivors. This configuration enables the drone to perform long-range maritime Search and Rescue (SaR) missions, and deliver life-saving assistance quickly upon detection of survivors.

    Drones are complementing traditional manned SaR operations as they offer long endurance and long-range operations since adverse weather conditions and limited mission endurance of the crew often degrade the SaR capabilities of manned aircraft. With mission endurance exceeding 24 hours, drones can operate in extended missions and in adverse weather conditions in both day and night. Equipped with the new SaR capability Hermes 900 UAS can increase the number of SaR missions that can be safely executed and improve the safety and effectiveness of maritime SaR response.

    With a wingspan of 15 meters, the 1.2 Ton Hermes 900 Maritime Patrol is a long-range maritime surveillance system tailored for littoral and blue water operations. On typical SaR missions, Hermes 900 Maritime Patrol can carry up to four, six-person life-rafts that are carried by underwing hardpoints. Using an onboard maritime search radar the UAS can detect the vessel in distress and assess survivor situation. Such drones also employ satellite communication, an automatic identification system receiver, and an Emergency Position-indicating Radio Beacon receiver.


    Hermes 900 Maritime Patrol can carry up to four, six-person life-rafts that are integrated on its wings.

    Upon detection, the UAS’ Electro-Optic/Infra-Red (EO/IR) payload is deployed to provide visual identification, and a rapid calculation of the drop-point is performed, enabling the UAS to dispatch life rafts from a low-altitude of 600 ft. to a pinpointed location at a safe distance from the survivors. A gradual inflation process of the life-rafts is initiated after dispatch and is completed upon landing.

    Related post: Thai Navy to Operate Hermes-900 on Maritime Surveillance and SaR Missions

    IAI To Produce, Market Zibar Offroad Vehicles

    By
    News Desk
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    Zibar Mk2 all terrain vehicle Photo: Ido Cohen
    ZMAG – Combining lightweight but tough chassis with a powerful drivetrain and specially tuned suspension components creates high payload capabilities while maintaining high off-road mobility. Photo: IAI

    IAI acquires the manufacturing operations of the Zibar offroad tactical vehicle, designed and built by Israeli offroad entrepreneur Ido Cohen. The Z family activities being acquired include the Zibar, Zmag – a light version of the platform, and ZED – the armored off-road vehicle. IAI ELTA will design and produce the vehicles in its manufacturing site in Beer Sheva, where RAM vehicles are currently built. The company intends to compete with this vehicle for an upcoming Israel MOD tender for commando vehicles, according to Israel’s Calcalist website. The company plans to adapt and configure the vehicles for military and homeland defense applications, and now, acting as the vehicle design authority will be well-positioned to address specific customer requirements.

    ZEDD – representing an armored extreme-mobility offroad vehicle. Concept: Ido Cohen

    IAI’s ELTA new ground forces facility is under construction at an investment of tens of millions. ELTA Beer Sheba will also perform the vehicle configuration development and upgrading to provide integrated system solutions. As ELTA is also responsible for IAI’s land robotics, such expertise could also apply to optionally manned or unmanned variants of the vehicle. IAI will market the military vehicles exclusively, while Ido Cohen continues to manufacture and sell the vehicles in its civilian applications.

    Zibar was designed and is manufactured entirely in Israel. The vehicles offer excellent performance and mobility and are capable of traversing harsh off-road conditions. “The off-road vehicles fulfill the operational needs of the ground forces for defense, assault, and intelligence.” Yoav Turgeman, IAI VP and CEO of ELTA, explained, “We are excited to collaborate with Ido Cohen, a visionary vehicle manufacturer from Israel. IAI offers a broad range of ground intelligence, robotics, autonomous vehicles, and remote sensing capabilities. Integrating these capabilities on the Z Vehicle Family provides significant added value to the operational capabilities ELTA provides existing and future customers.”

    Greece Leases Heron Drones from Israel

    By
    Tamir Eshel
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    IAI Heron UAS shown here in a Maritime configuration. Photo: IAI

    Representatives of the governments of Greece and Israel have signed today an agreement for the leasing of Heron I unmanned aerial systems (UAS) configured for maritime surveillance missions. The agreement covers three years of service, including the training of Greek operators. According to previous media reports, the Herons will be based on the island of Crete and will be tasked primarily with border security and maritime surveillance. Herons already operate over the region, since the drone was cleared to operate in civil airspace by Israel’s Civil Aviation Authority in 2007.

    “The great security relations between Israel and Greece are expanding,” Head of the International Defense Cooperation Directorate (SIBAT), Brig. Gen. (Res.), Yair Kulas commented, “We see great importance in the choice made by Greece to equip its forces with an Israeli system, particularly during the global corona crisis. This is a clear expression of confidence in the capabilities and strength of the Israeli defense industry. We hope to sign additional agreements with Greece as well as other European partners, assisting them in addressing security challenges – in times of the corona pandemic and beyond.”

    The deal has been in the making since 2018, addressing Athens’ growing concern about Turkish drones activity over the Aegean. In recent years Ankara has developed and deployed several types of UAS that took an increasing role in surveillance and combat operations, in Syria and Libya. Some of those drones cover Greece’s territorial waters and Economic Exclusion Zone (EEZ) from Turkish territory. Since Greece does not produce drones locally, Athens invited known drone manufacturers to demonstrate such systems for its evaluation. In 2018 IAI flew 600 hours with Heron I in support of the European Union’s FRONTEX border agency. In January, General Atomics concluded a 10-day evaluation of its Sea Guardian deployed to Larissa Air Force base in central Greece.

    The leasing of Heron I drones provided a timely solution for these urgent operational needs. The agreement provides Athens with an option to buy Heron drones after the three-year lease. In 2018 local media in Greece reported that the deal is worth €35.5 million could cover up to seven aircraft. Current reports mentioned only three aircraft.

    General Director of the General Directorate for Defense Investments and armaments, Lieutenant General (retd.) Theodoros Lagios (HAF), on his visit to IAI in 2019. Photo: GDDIA

    IAI’s Maritime Heron is equipped with a multi-sensor suite comprised of radar, SIGINT, COMINT, and day and night electro-optical sensors and satellite communications terminal, that enabling operators to cover the entire east Mediterranean sea area on a high-altitude flight path. The maritime Heron was the first maritime surveillance drone to assume operational maritime and coastal surveillance patrols. Since 2017 it has replaced the manned maritime surveillance aircraft in Israel. Several customers have leased Heron drones from IAI, among them Germany, Australia, and Canada. The German Herons are currently deployed to Mali, in support of UN operations in the Sahel. Germany is also leasing the larger Heron TP drones.

    Loyal Wingman Prototype Rolls Out in Australia

    By
    Tamir Eshel
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    Boeing unveiled today in Australia its 'Loyal Wingman' prototype. Photo: Boeing

    The first prototype unmanned Loyal Wingman aircraft was unveiled in Australia yesterday. The Loyal Wingman prototype now moves into ground testing, followed by taxi and a first flight later this year. The aircraft is the first of three prototypes built under the Australian Loyal Wingman program. The Loyal Wingman will have a range of more than 3,700km, providing a significant force-multiplier for current F/A-18E/F Super Hornets and F/A-18G Growlers currently operated by the Australian Air Force. By helping project power forward, these unmanned assets will help to keep manned platforms out of harm’s way.

    The event marked the launch of the first Australian-built aircraft for more than 50 years. The unmanned aircraft was designed and built under a partnership between the Royal Australian Air Force and Boeing Australia.

    Boeing has developed this unique unmanned aircraft as part of its ‘Airpower Teaming System’ (ATS), employing manned and unmanned assets in a complex that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) enable unmanned platforms to enhance capabilities currently requiring human supervision. ATS is Boeing’s largest investment in an unmanned aircraft outside of the United States. The Australian Government has added $40 million investment in the program.

    A forward view of the ‘Loyal Wingman’ IA-driven unmanned aircraft. Photo: Boeing

    “The Loyal Wingman will be pivotal to exploring the critical capabilities our Air Force needs to protect our nation and its allies into the future.” said the Hon. Scott Morrison MP, Prime Minister of Australia. “The new capability would help protect and support Australia’s most valuable Defence aircraft and the pilots who fly them,” Mr. Morrison added. “We’re investing to enhance the agility and capability of the Australian Defence Force so we can protect our nation and our allies. It means Australia can sharpen its edge and prepare for the future,” Mr. Morrison said.

    The program helps support around 100 high-tech jobs in Australia. More than 35 members of the Australian industry are supporting prototype work across four Australian states.

    “We look forward to getting the aircraft into flight testing and proving out the unmanned teaming concept,” said Kristin Robertson, vice president and general manager of Autonomous Systems for Boeing Defense, Space & Security. “We see global allies with those same mission needs, which is why this program is so important to advancing the development of the Boeing Airpower Teaming System.”

    Anticipating such global market demand for highly capable but extremely affordable unmanned aircraft, Boeing applied advanced design innovation and manufacturing techniques to achieve those goals. The Loyal Wingman aircraft was engineered using a digital twin to model its structures, systems, capabilities, and full life-cycle requirements; manufactured with Boeing’s largest-ever resin-infused single composite piece; and assembled using proven advanced manufacturing processes.

    The canted twin tail is part of the platform’s low-observability features. Photo: Boeing

     

     

     

     

    US Army, Foreign Customers to Invest $6 Billion in Patriot PAC-3 Enhancement

    By
    News Desk
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    Patriot PAC-3 MSE launched on a test flight. 2018. Photo: Lockheed Martin

    Lockheed Martin has received a $6.07 billion contract from the U.S. Army for the production of Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE) interceptors and associated equipment, to be delivered across FY21, FY22, and FY23 contract years.

    PAC-3 MSE provides the latest enhancement of the MIM-104 Patriot weapon system. The system leverages an advanced multi-mission interceptor that expands the Patriot weapon system’s capability against advanced tactical ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and aircraft. The contract calls for the production and delivery of PAC-3 MSE interceptors, launcher modification kits, associated equipment, and non-recurring efforts to support the United States and global customers. Ten nations – the United States, Qatar, Japan, Romania, Poland, the United Arab Emirates, Sweden, Korea, Bahrain, and Germany – have signed agreements to procure PAC-3 MSE interceptors.

    With a large, dual-pulse solid rocket motor the PAC-3 MSE interceptor extends the intercept range and height, compared to legacy PAC-3. The larger control fins and upgraded actuators increase maneuverability adding to the improved kinematics. The missile retains the PAC-3 Hit-To-Kill technology.  The system achieved the Initial Operating Capability in 2016. Lockheed Martin has also improved the PAC-3 interceptors under the PAC-3 Cost Reduction Initiative (CRI), intended to improve the reliability and readiness of fielded PAC-3 missiles. 

    The interceptor of Patriot PAC-3 CRI shown on a launch test. Photo: Lockheed Martin

    “This contract demonstrates our customer’s continued confidence in our ability to deliver unmatched Hit-to-Kill technology that defeats the ever-expanding global threats of today and tomorrow,” said Scott Arnold, vice president, Integrated Air & Missile Defense at Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control.

    To meet customer demand and increase production capacity, Lockheed Martin is currently building an 85,000-square-foot expansion at the Camden, Arkansas, facility where PAC-3 MSE interceptors are assembled. The building is expected to be complete by the fourth quarter of 2021, with operations beginning in the first quarter of 2022.

    Fincantieri to Design, Build a New Class of Frigates for the US Navy

    By
    Tamir Eshel
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    Fincantieri selected to design and build FFG(X) frigates for the US Navy
    US Navy selects Fincantieri to design and build 10 FFG(X) frigates frigates. Image: US Navy

    WASHINGTON: The US Navy awarded Marinette Marine Corporation (MMC) a contract to design and produce the next generation small surface combatant, the Guided Missile Frigate (FFG(X)). MMC is part of the Fincantieri Marine Group (FMG), a subsidiary of the Italian shipbuilder Fincantieri. The contract covers the production of up to 10 Guided Missile Frigates.

    The current award at the amount covers the detail design and construction (DD&C) of the base ship. If all options are exercised under this contract, nine more ships will be built at a total value of $5.58 billion. The total cost of the lead ship will be $1.281 billion, with $795 million of that covering the shipbuilder’s detail design and construction costs and the rest covering systems delivered by the US Government. The lead ship of this (yet unnamed) class will be delivered in 2026 and is expected to reach initial operational capability by 2030. Nine additional ships will be ordered until 2024. By 2025 the Navy will decide how and who will produce the remaining ten ships of this class.

    The FFG(X) will be based on the successful ‘European multi-purpose frigate’ designed by Italian shipbuilder Fincantieri and the French Naval Group. Ships of this design are already operated by the French, Italian, Egyptian and Moroccan and will also be supplied to Brazil. FREMM is a versatile ship built with the multi-mission capability to conduct air warfare, anti-submarine warfare, surface warfare, electronic warfare, and information operations.

    A model of the FREMM-based FFG(X) was displayed by Fincantieri at the Sea-Air-Space event in 2019. Photo: Chris Cavas via Twitter.

    The vessel will be 151 meters long, with 21 m’ overall beam. It will be powered by a Combined diesel-electric and gas (CODLAG) system offering a sustained maximum speed above 26 knots, or economic (electrical powered) cruising at 16 kt. The ship will accommodate up to 200 sailors and equipped to operate at a range of more than 6000 nm. 

    Unlike the European vessels of this class, the FFG(X) will be equipped with US-made systems derived from existing destroyers, specifically the Enterprise Air Surveillance Radar (EASR based on Raytheon’s SPY-6 Air and Missile Defense Radar), Baseline Ten (BL10) AEGIS Combat System from Lockheed Martin, which will also produce the Mk 41 Vertical Launch System (VLS). Other government-furnished equipment includes communications systems, BAE Systems’ MK 57 Gun Weapon System (GWS), countermeasures, EW/IO area, and design flexibility for future growth.

    Fincantieri’s proposed FFG(X).
    Fincantieri displayed this model of an FFG(X) based on the FREMM design. Note the large aft deck and hangar. The ship has the storage and deck space to support all manned and unmanned vertical-lift aviation operated by the US Navy. Photo: Chris Cavas via Twitter

    The ship is designed with space and power for future enhancements, including the addition of laser weapons, to enhance point defense, and to free up VLS tubes for offensive weaponry. Each ship will also accommodate one manned helicopter and one unmanned air vehicle and will have storage and deck space to support all manned and unmanned vertical-lift aviation operated by the US Navy.

    The acquisition process for FFG(X) began in 2017. Since then the Navy has worked closely with Industry to balance cost and capability. The accelerated selection process took less than a year, as the Navy released the FFG(X) DD&C Request for Proposals to industry on June 20, 2019. “Throughout this process, the government team and our industry partners have all executed with a sense of urgency and discipline, delivering this contract award three months ahead of schedule.” James Geurts, assistant secretary of the Navy for research, development, and acquisition said. Marinette Marine was in competition with four other shipyards for the contract: Austal USA of Alabama; Bath Iron Works in Maine; Huntington Ingalls of Mississippi: and Lockheed Martin in Maryland. Following the selection, the Wisconsin yard plans to invest up to $100 million to maintain a production rate of two FFG(X) frigates per year.

    Lockheed Martin’s New Tactical Missile Scores Successful Flight Test

    By
    Tamir Eshel
    -
    PrSM Missile Launched on test flight
    Lockheed Martin PrSM missile candidate launched on its third test flight. Photo: Lockheed Martin

    White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico: Lockheed Martin successfully tested today the long-range missile designed for the Army’s Precision Strike Missile (PrSM) program. It was the third and final flight demonstration the company delivered as part of the program’s Technology Maturation and Risk Reduction phase. Previous flights were tested in March and December last year were also successful.

    PrSM was fired from Lockheed Martin’s High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) launcher and flew approximately 85 kilometers to the target area, culminating in a highly accurate and lethal warhead event. On previous tests the missile flew 270 and 180 km.  PrSM is designed for a minimum range of 60 km and a maximum range of “exceeding 499” km.

    “Today’s PrSM test, a highly stressful short-range shot, represents the third successful flight test proving the effectiveness, survivability, and reliability of the tactical baseline missile,” said Gaylia Campbell, vice president of Precision Fires and Combat Maneuver Systems at Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control. “We’ve validated the design and performance of our baseline tactical missile and are already working with our Army partner on Engineering Design Testing, production readiness and fielding requirements to support the future needs of the Soldier,” Campbell said.

    This range was limited by the now-collapsed American-Russian Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF). As the 500 km range is now irrelevant, as PrSM is deployed in 2023 it will be able to reach 550 km. As the missile employs an open architecture and modular design, it is expected to improve in the future, extending the range to 750 km. With this potential reach, PrSM will become an important part of the Army’s future multi-domain capability. A maximum range is expected to be part of an upcoming test. Other enhancements will include the integration of a multi-mode seeker, enabling the missile to engage moving and relocated targets.

    PrSM InfographicTest objectives included confirming flight trajectory, range, and accuracy from launch to warhead event, as well as warhead lethality, HIMARS launcher integration, and overall missile performance.

    Last month, the company was selected by the Army to move to the next phase and continue the maturation of the next-generation long-range precision fires solution for the U.S. Army.

    PrSM will deliver enhanced capabilities for attacking, neutralizing, suppressing and destroying targets at depth on the battlefield and gives field artillery units a new long-range capability while supporting brigade, division, corps, Army, theater, Joint and Coalition forces.

    The program now enters a 14-month technology maturation risk reduction phase that will lead to the delivery of 30 missiles by late 2023 under an urgent material release. The total request is in excess of 2,400 missiles.

    PrSM is designed to replace the ATACMS missile, fielding with HIMARS and M270 rocket and missile launch platforms, carrying two PrSM rounds per launch pod.

    Russia Conducts Direct-Ascent Anti Satellite Weapon from Plesetsk

    By
    News Desk
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    Contrails left after a Russian anti-satellite weapon test on April 15, 2020
    Contrails left after a Russian anti-satellite weapon test on April 15, 2020

    Russia has been engaged in direct ascent anti-satellite (DA-ASAT) anti-satellite weapon tests in the past months. On April 15 a missile launch from the Plesetsk test site on the arctic circle. Initially, it was unclear what missile was launched that day or if that missile actually hit any space objects, like an old Russian satellite.

    Russian media sources reports said the missile tested called ‘Nudol’ has reached over 7,000 m/sec, thus positioned in the ‘hypersonic‘ category. Prior to the test, large airspace along the missile’s flight path was closed, with an area typical for a two-staged missile. en. John W. “Jay” Raymound, USSPACECOM commander and U.S. Space Force Chief of Space Operations called the test a real, serious, and growing threat to the U.S. and allied space systems.

    Nudol missile test
    A Nudol missile tested in 2018. Photo: Russian Defense Ministry.

    Other tests of anti-satellite weapon systems were previously conducted under the “Sistema A-235 / RTTS-181M Nudol” program which has been tested at least nine times in the past. Those tests simulated a target impact to avert creating excessive space debris. Nudol was developed as part of the Russian strategic missile defense capability can be armed with a blast fragmentation or nuclear warhead.

    In February 2020 the US Space Command raised the awareness on another Russian initiative – on-orbit testing of a satellite interceptor comprising two satellites, the COSMOS 2542 and COSMOS 2543. These satellites, have “exhibited characteristics of a space weapon.” According to the blog site Russian strategic nuclear forces, published by security and nuclear disarmament expert Pavel Podvig, the Cosmos-2542 satellite in December last year released what appeared to be an inspector satellite, the Cosmos-2543, which then was tailing a U.S. spy satellite, an act Space Command interpreted the “irresponsible and potentially threatening.”

    Several countries have already demonstrated the capability to conduct ASAT operations. Russia, China, and India. The US has also developed air-launched ASAT weapons. Other countries like China, Iran, and North Korea have used high power lasers to blind and potentially damage the sensors of reconnaissance satellites.

    “This test is further proof of Russia’s hypocritical advocacy of outer space arms control proposals designed to restrict the capabilities of the United States while clearly having no intention of halting their counter-space weapons programs.” Gen. Raymound said.

    Armata Tank Field Tested in Syria

    By
    News Desk
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    T-14 Armata tank on display at the Army 2019 exhibition. Photo: Defense-Update

    Russia has been testing its latest and most advanced tank – the T-14 Armata in Syria. Since the tank is currently in a developmental testing phase, it is likely that its mission to Syria is considered a field trial rather than a combat mission. Russia has used Syria as a testbed for its new combat systems since the beginning of its intervention (or as it is called ‘stabilization support’) in the Syrian Civil War.

    Russian Minister of Industry and Trade Denis Manturov confirmed those tests yesterday. According to the Tass News Agency, the initial delivery of tanks is expected this year (2020), these tanks will be used by the Army in operational field trials. The first Army field unit is expected to get the tanks in 2021. According to Manturov, the high cost of the T-14 reflects its current status as a developmental complex. Following those trials modifications and changes are to be done, commencing by serial production next year, that is expected to meet contract goals.

    According to Manturov, Armata has attracted significant foreign interest reflected in a few preliminary orders. He said that firm orders could be expected after the new tank gets export permission from the Russian government.

    Russian Army Receives New T-90M MBT

    By
    News Desk
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    T-90M performing a maneuver and firing demonstration at the Army 2018 event. Photo: Defense-Update

    The Russian Army has recently received the first batch of T-90M main battle tanks. The upgraded variant of the T-90 was developed by the T-90 manufacturer Ural Vagon Zavod (UVZ) enterprise. The plant, located at Yekaterinburg in the Ural region, is one of two major tank manufacturers in Russia, a producer of tanks since the T-54/55, 72, T-90 to the Armata family MBT.

    The first batch of T-90M tanks delivered to a Russian Army unit.

    The latest upgraded version of the T-90 – the Proryv-3 (Breakthrough) T-90M has recently completed field tests by the Russian Ministry of Defense, commencing deliveries to field units. In April 2020, the Russian MOD reported the first deliveries to the Tamanskaya Motor Rifle Division, a unit of the Guard Tank Army deployed in the Western Region. The unit and its new tanks are expected to take part in the 9 May victory parade in Moscow. In the coming years, the Russian Army is also fielding upgraded variants of the T72M, T72B3M, and T80BVM. The Russian MOD plans to upgrade 350-400 T-90s to the new standard, deferring mass production of Armata tanks due to their high cost.

    These tanks provide a temporary solution addressing capability gaps and technological advancement before deploying next-generation AFVs such as the T-14/15. While the next-generation tanks are already developed, they still face technical hurdles and are too expensive for large scale procurement. The cost of T-14 Armata MBT is estimated at US$8-12 million, compared to $1.5-2.5 million, the cost of an upgraded T-90. Nevertheless, the T-90M benefits from technological achievements and systems implemented in the expensive export version T-90MS and the Armata MBT.

    Some of the outstanding new features of the T-90M are a new turret mounting an improved version of the 2A46 125mm stabilized cannon. Improved precision derives from the muzzle drop measurement and fire control systems borrowed from the new T-14 Armata tank. This cannon fires kinetic rounds that are longer and faster than previous rounds, thus being able to penetrate thicker armor. The fire control is programmed to fire three types of rounds – High-speed Kinetic (APFSDS), HEAT-AT, and High Explosive airburst fragmentation projectile, used against soft targets and structures. Gun-launched anti-tank missiles of the 9M119 Svir/Refleks family (NATO Reporting Name: AT-11 SNIPER) are used against targets at ranges up to 5,000 meters.  The tank can also use the entire range of older ammunition.

    The side of the turret of T-90M showing Relikt armor, laser warning units and smoke canisters, part of the tank’s self-defense system. The remotely controlled weapon station (the weapon is not mounted), commander’s independent sight (closed) gunner’s sight (closed), laser guidance unit for REFLEX missiles (closed) and meteorological probe with video cameras are also visible. Photo: Russian MOD

    A coaxial 7.62mm machine gun is placed along with the main gun. The KORD-MT remotely controlled weapon station that mounts a 7.62/12.7 mm machine gun is placed near the commander’s cupola and is controlled by the crew from inside the vehicle. This method was also employed in the T-14 and T-90MS. The turret shape enabled designers to increase the ammunition stowage by 3 (to a total of 43 rounds), of which 22 – 24 pairs of projectiles and propelling charges are placed in the automatic loader’s carousel (plus 4-6 missiles). The remaining rounds and propelling charges are stored in a new turret bustle rather than in the crew compartment, thus avoiding the risk of explosion.

    Related post: New KE Ammunition for Russian Tanks

    Another new system implemented here is the Kalina automatic target tracker and fire control computer developed for the T-14. This system enables the gunner to lay the gun on target, lock, and automatically fire while on the move.

    Gunner’s sight and fire control.
    Visibility from inside the tank is provided by the commander’s sight (right), panoramic views (left) showing the views of four cameras mounted on the meteorological. Standard optical vision blocks provide back-up viewing around the turret.

    The tank has an independent panoramic commander’s sight with day/night channels. The gunner uses a separate sight, laser rangefinder, and a missile director associated with the beam-riding gun-launched REFLEKS missiles.

    The lack of soft or hard-kill APS hints the Russian Army has been satisfied with the level of protection its new tank provides. The level of protection of the T-90M has been improved to defeat kinetic threats capable of penetrating 1,100 to 1,300 mm and shaped-charge threats penetrating up to 1,350 mm of rolled homogenous steel (RHS).

    Additional protection layer was added to withstand such threats, comprising steel plates added with the 3rd generation reactive protection known as RELIKT. Additional protection using statistical protection is added around the turret and engine compartment at the rear. The lower sections of the turret sides and rear are applied with net-shaped RPG-protection, with slat-type armor applied to the engine compartment sides and rear. The type can also use large reactive protection bags applied to the sides, on top of the bazooka plates, protecting against roadside IEDs and EFP.

    T-90M firing. Note the flat panels of Relikt reactive protection and the flexible, mesh-type RPG protection on the side.

    These add-on armor solutions were developed based on the lessons learned during the Syrian Civil War, where T-72 tanks suffered significant losses to anti-tank guided missiles and RPGs. Similar configurations are also applied to T-72 tanks and BMPT Terminator infantry support tanks. While earlier T-90 versions were equipped with the SHTORA-1 soft-kill active defense system comprised of two ‘red eye’ infra-red flashlights, the current variant does not use such measures, Russian sources relate to it as ‘laser countermeasures’. Four units are mounted on the turret, two units are pointed forward and two sideways. Further protection is provided by the 81mm multi-spectral canisters deploying smoke screens, which can be triggered by the laser warning.

    An interesting note is the lack of hard-kill active protection means. The Russian MOD has evaluated several types of APS, including ARENA on T-72/90 and AFGANIT on T-14/T-15 and other AFVs. It has been confirmed that models of the T-90SM have been equipped with APS addressing foreign interest, but apparently, lack of such interest in Moscow has left the T-90M without such protection.

    The new design also reduces the tank’s signature, especially in the thermal reduction of engine exhaust heat.

    With the 1,300 hp engine (up from 1,000 hp of the T-90S) the 46.5-ton vehicle has a 1:26 power to weight ratio, thus maintaining good mobility and obstacle crossing capability, particularly when assisted with the integral dozer blade, assisting the tank in digging up firing positions. For mobility in muddy terrain tank units employ tree log barricades built from trunks carried on each tank. Traditionally these trunks are placed in the rear, but the T-90M carries its log on the starboard side (right side), thus enabling a quick release.

    T-90M down range (Photo: Defense-Update)

    Measurements:

    • Gross Vehicle Weight: 46.500 kg
    • Length: 9.430 (Chassis only: 6.900 m.)
    • Width: 3.800 m.
    • Height: 2.200 m.
    • Crew: 3

    Firepower:

    • Main Gun: 2A46M-4/8
    • Elevation: -6 +14
    • Ammunition: 40-43 (22 in carousel)

    Protection & Survivability:

    • Hull: Welded steel
    • Add on armor: RELIKT reactive armor
    • Anti-RPG net around the turret
    • Soft kill: Laser detection & Warning, Multi-spectral Smoke

    Mobility:

    • Powerplant: Diesel 1,300 hp
    • Max speed: Road: 60-70 km/h, off-road: 45 km/h
    • Autonomy: 550 km

    Russian Tanks get Advanced Kinetic Ammunition

    By
    News Desk
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    The long rod penetrator made of Tungsten is used with Svinets KE projectiles. It penetrates 600 mm of steel, the penetrator made of depleted uranium can penetrate up to 700 mm of steel. Photo: Defense-Update

    The Russian military has been using a family of kinetic 125mm ammunition known as ‘MANGO’ since the mid-1980s, with all 125mm guns used on main battle tanks, tank destroyers including the D-81. This family comprised the 3VBM17 cartridge and the 3BM42 long rod penetrator made of steel. About ten years later a new family of kinetic ammunition known as SVINETS was in the making.

    SVINETS represent the family of new rounds designed to meet a new performance level set by the American M829 that were loaded with depleted uranium penetrators, that made their debut in Operation Desert Storm in Iraq, 1991. The original M829 could penetrate 540 mm of RHA target at 2,000 meters. The advanced types of M829 (A3/4) long rod DU penetrators are fitted with a special fin designed to defeat ERA.

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    T-90M firing. Note the mesh-type RPG protection on the side.

    [wlm_ismember]The latest models of these advanced penetrators have now been accepted and used by the Russian military. They use new materials and longer rod penetrators developed since the beginning of the 2000s. According to Russian sources, SVINETs are operational with the Russian military for about six years.

    NIMI offers two versions of the 3BM60 KE round. The longer projectile shown on the right, is designed for the 2A46M gun while the shorter projectile, currently in development, fits the D-81. Photo: Defense-Update

    The family comprises the red-tipped SVINETS-1 fitted with depleted uranium penetrator (3VBM22/3BM59) and SVINETS-2 using a tungsten-steel long-rod penetrator (3VBM23/3BM60). Both projectiles use four tungsten-made sabots to keep the penetrators aligned in the gun tube. SVINETS-2 was displayed for the first time by the manufacturer NIMI in the ARMY 2019 exhibition in Russia.

    SVINETS offer significant improvement over the MANGO family. The DU rod penetrates +700 mm of rolled Homogenous Steel (RHS) at 0° degree angle from a range of 2,000 meters, while the Tungsten rod pierces through 600 mm with the same parameters. MANGO family rounds could penetrate 460 mm in these conditions.

    The Armata T-14 tank is armed with the 2A82-1M cannon, which can fire the faster, more potent Vacuum-1/2 projectiles. The Vacuum also comes in DU and Tungsten variants fired at a muzzle velocity of 1,980-2050 m/s, thus offering even higher penetration levels. Vacuum family rounds are believed to be used only with Armata T-14.

    SVINETS ammunition is longer than previous projectiles and thus requires an adaptation of the autoloader in the turret of the tanks operating it – such as T-14, T-90M, and modernized T-9SM. NIMI is developing a different variant for use with older tanks, including T-72 and T-80s, that will improve armor penetration to 560 mm.[/wlm_ismember]

    Harnessing Technology and Innovation to Fight COVID-19

    By
    News Desk
    -

    Several years ago, when IAI started to advance the integration of innovative technologies in its operations, that move was not meant to fight a hidden enemy, such as the Coronavirus. Rather, the initiative was aligned with IAI’s innovation in its classical operations: aerospace and defense. Then as the Coronavirus started spreading across the globe, the lateral innovation processes within IAI took a new direction, seeking to save lives.

    The infrastructure we built at IAI in recent years allows us to be more flexible and agile in our current operations, while leveraging the connections we have established with startups and accelerator ecosystems, enables us to work in an Open Innovation framework. Faced with the COVID—19 pandemic, IAI began evaluating various assistance scenarios that could be beneficial at the national level in Israel. We worked on two channels: collaborating with the defense and healthcare ministries and working with the Israeli Corporations Authority to understand the healthcare needs from the field. The new connection and forum, which was created between defense and healthcare agencies, has led to a joint platform to which the hospitals bring forth their needs while we work to devise solutions.

    The new forum allows a two-way flow of information and feedback, which is productive for both parties. We ventured into profound need identification, established contact with the hospitals and toured their premises. We then worked on focused solutions addressing the needs of medical professionals. Those same professionals are committed to this process despite the immense workload they shoulder. Those needs were communicated to IAI R&D and innovation leaders, who then set about finding solutions and helping the world during this crisis.

    Testing the initial batch of Ventway Sparrow respirators produced at IAI. Photo: IAI

    This orchestrated effort has resulted in a range of technological solutions: ventilators, sanitation, diagnostic, protective and even disease predictive systems. These solutions are being developed following prioritization of medical needs, demonstrating the unique value of IAI: a combination of innovation, technology, and, fast, exceptional solutions.

    In early April 2020, we inaugurated an assembly line for ventilators at IAI’s missile division, in collaboration with the Ministry of Defense and Inovytec, which specializes in emergency medical systems. The first shipments comprising dozens of ventilators have already been delivered to the Health Ministry. Shortly, we will be able to manufacture hundreds of ventilators per week. The turbine-based Ventway Sparrow Ventilator is lightweight, easy to use and provides invasive or non-invasive ventilation to children or adults. It complies with the strictest medical standards and is used by hospitals and emergency care centers in Israel and abroad. It provides life-supporting respiratory treatment in a wide range of medical scenarios, including the Coronavirus.

    Another unique solution, developed within only a week, involves sanitation of medical rooms with UVC technology. IAI engineers developed their solution following consultation with the staff of Shamir Medical Center where it is currently undergoing test and evaluation. Once test results have been assessed, IAI will be able to build hands-free sanitation systems capable of disinfecting a room within 30 minutes.

    Yet another development allows remote measurement of physiological parameters. This system, which was developed in collaboration with the Directorate of Defense Research and Development (DDR&D) at the Israel Ministry of Defense and the Technion, uses radar, Electro-Optic, and AI data analysis to measure pulse, temperature, saturation and breathing rate. It is being tested now at hospitals in Israel.

    Based upon our commitment to provide our best capabilities and people to fight the Coronavirus, IAI is partnering in dozens of other ventures that help fight the pandemic. We send our appreciation and gratitude to the medical teams in Israel and abroad, who are heroically fighting the virus. Now is the time to join forces, work, and overcome the challenges!

    Read more on IAI’s COVID-19 related activities.

    Future Armored Vehicles – Weapon Systems Event Becomes a Webinar

    By
    Tamir Eshel
    -

    With the current coronavirus situation, SMi, the organizers of Future Armored Vehicles Weapon Systems Conference decided to shift the conference into a webinar, to be held on the same days 3rd – 4th June. Two other events – Military Robotics and FAV-Situational Awareness were pushed back to September. SMi Group Defence announced today that the Weapon Systems event will be available to participants via remote access.

    We salute SMi and its sponsors John Cockerill and Lockheed Martin for their bold decision and commitment to the armor community for keeping this event going, operating this important venue to update us and providing unique networking opportunities despite the social distancing and travel restrictions imposed on us around the world. Attendees will be able to hear presentations from senior officers and executives from the UK, USA, Germany, Netherlands, Israel.

    Among the presentations, we expect to hear the keynote from event Chairman, Lieutenant General (ret.) Jonathon Riley, Former Deputy Commander ISAF, British Army. The topic is “Predicting Future Operational Requirements for Allied Armored Elements”. A panel of British Army officers will also discuss Efforts to Enhance Lethality Across British Army Components. US Army Brigadier Matthew J. Van Wagenen will discuss the upgrading of Armored Capabilities for Allied Cavalry Elements in the European Arena.

    Discussing specific weapon systems currently in development and testing, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Page, Commanding Officer, Armoured Trials and Development Unit, British Army will discuss the CTAI-40mm armored trials. Captain Tom Quant, Regimental Intelligence Officer, and Project Streetfighter Lead, Royal Tank Regiment, British Army will present the CR2 STREETFIGHTER and its role in Urban Fighting. An officer from the Israel Army will brief about the IDF Carmel FCV Program.
    You can download the full program at the conference site linked here.

    The price to be a part of this conference is £999 (remote access) and registration is available via the conference website www.fav-ws.com

    IAI’s Battle Management Solution Changes the Rules of Combat

    By
    News Desk
    -

    First unveiled by Israel Aerospace Industries’ (IAI) in April 2019, OPAL is designed to allow warfighters to respond effectively to combat threats characterized by Time Critical Targets (TCT), and forces that operate both in conjunction with other units and in remote areas, away from C2 coverage, according to Barak Israel, Product Line Manager.

    According to Israel, military forces have been hampered by the combat platform’s inability to directly communicate with each other, this limitation is evident in the lack of connectivity that existed between fourth and fifth-generation fighter jets. “Modern warfare is very dynamic. If you don’t respond immediately, the threat won’t be there,” Israel stated.

    Information Sharing

    The need to share information among various forces and the critical requirement of militaries to see the same picture and speak the same language was the driving force behind OPAL’s development. “If you see something that I can’t see – I want to see what you’re seeing. Not through verbal descriptions, but through image and video sharing or data set transmissions. My physical location isn’t relevant for this to happen,” Israel stated.

    Military forces have been struggling with the need to acquire sensor to shooter cycles that deliver sufficient information in time. Traditional solutions for combat needs moved slowly. OPAL introduced a focused and affordable solution to share actionable information in a very short timeframe. The end result, Israel said, is significantly enhanced lethality and survivability for customers, as well as savings on life cycle costs and time.

    We took the Android concept and brought it to network-centric warfare

    OPAL creates networking connectivity and enables data sharing among all members of a fighting force, irrespective of whether they are airborne, naval or land-based. It uses software-defined radios and any existing data links to share large amounts of real-time data, in line with operational needs, enabling end-users to take swift and relevant actions.

    One of the unique capabilities in the OPAL networking layer is that it provides realtime communications. Unlike traditional datalinks that provide update rates of several seconds, OPAL operates in milliseconds, as it employs a real-time network that has been used to prevent mid-air collisions between fighter jets flying in close formations.

    Developed over the past 15 years using open architecture, OPAL allows customers to program their own applications to match operational needs after the initial infrastructure is delivered by IAI.

    Apps for the Strike Force

    According to Eyal Yogev, Project Manager, Conversions and Upgrades Division at Aviation Group at IAI, the system is inspired by Android-like architecture, which all relies on common infrastructure, instead of the traditional military systems that rely on dedicated hardware running specific and unique software. “We took the Android concept and brought it to network-centric warfare (NCW). OPAL can be installed on any platform – aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, ground forces and ships. It supports any operational capability though this infrastructure, making it shareable by the network members, similar to how smartphone applications function,” he said.

    OPAL is comprised of a range of different hardware Line Replaceable Units (LRU) configures and optimized for each application, platform or end-user. This solution delivers an advanced application middleware with optimized applications and, where needed, advanced networking and connectivity services. OPAL features high processing and graphic capabilities, and deliver essential battlefield services to the participating members, enabling all users to share a common operating picture in real-time and to communicate in the same language.

    In terms of operational doctrine, an important advantage OPAL provides is introducing new capabilities in a very short time

    The ability to share accurate real-time data among the different elements of the fighting forces significantly improves the efficiency and survivability of the different members, within the formation and among other forces, such as supporting elements, air and ground forces. “The implications for close air support, for example, are major,” Israel stated. “This represents a new and transformative capability for the military.”

    OPAL shares local data over selected radio links with other users, ensuring that information is transported across network nodes in real-time, regardless of range, location, terrain obstacles, weather conditions, or the operational condition.

    A Network Linking All Generations

    OPAL provides customers with a high degree of operational independence. Customers have the option of ordering IAI’s radio systems and datalinks as a part of the OPAL battle management system or acquiring OPAL while utilizing existing communications and datalink networks. Moreover, customers can employ operational capabilities developed by the manufacturer, or develop their own applications, relying on OPAL’s inherent application infrastructure.

    “In terms of operational doctrine, an important advantage OPAL provides is introducing new capabilities in a very short time,” said Israel “Once the system is installed, clients are independent. We transfer the relevant capabilities and tools so that users can develop their own capabilities.”

    OPAL is proven and operational on jets, training aircraft, refuels, helicopters, mission aircraft, command and control centers, and ships as well as other platforms.

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