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    APG-68(V)9 Radar for Block 50/52 F-16

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    The Israeli Soufa F-16I, and Hellenic F-16 Block 52s are equipped with the latest version of Northrop Grumman APG-68 radar, the (V)9 multimode fire control radar that offers improved detection range and resolution. Only the Block 60 aircraft, destined for the UAE, are to be equipped with a more advanced version – the Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar. Initially, the Israelis favored the local Elta EL/M-2032 fire control radar originally developed for the IAI Lavi, but encountered financial and political obstacles. The IAF decided to use an improved model of the F-16 radar, and was involved in the specifications definition phase of the new version. It was later been selected by most of the latest acquisitions – by Poland and Greece. The new version uses new, Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) technology that provided faster processors that provide increased throughput, with x5 faster processing speed and x10 growth in memory capacity over the current version. With the powerful processing capability, the new system has a high resistance to electromagnetic interference and countermeasures and future growth potential. The system offers new and improved capabilities in both air/air and air/ground modes, primarily in the operation at long range (BVR) and target rich airspace. The APG-68(V)9 offers 30 percent increase in detection range, improved search-while-track mode (four vs. two tracked targets) and larger search volume and improved track while scan performance. Its single target track performance has also been improved.

    On air/ground missions, the new radar becomes an effective sensor, utilizing its high-resolution synthetic aperture radar mode, which allows the pilot to locate and recognize tactical ground targets from considerable distances. Although previous radars had some Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) capabilities, the new version generates imagery-class (2 feet resolution) high resolutions pictures, comparable to pictures delivered by the most modern commercial satellites. These pictures can be acquired from very long range, at all weather conditions and provide an effective, real-time source for the targeting of long range, precision guided weapons. The radar also has increased detection range in sea surveillance mode, and enhanced ground moving target identification and mappinc capability. The radar features an inertial measurement unit that improves dynamic tracking performance and provides an auto-boresight capability, which increases accuracy.

    Israel Air Force F-16I Soufa

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    The Israeli F-16I, also known as Sufa (Storm) is Powered by the Pratt and Whitney F100-PE-229 Improved Performance Engine. The aircraft is designed for gross takeoff gross weight of 52,000 lbs, the most ever for an Israeli F-16. It incorporates a dorsal equipment compartment and a fully missionized rear cockpit. Along with hosting the latest in electronic countermeasures equipment, the F-16I will be compatible with a wide variety of stores including day/night navigation and targeting pods, advanced air-to-air missiles, and precision “smart” weapons. By February 2004, the Israel Air Force (IAF) is expected to receive the first F-16Is. the initial delivery is a part of 102 aircraft under the Peace Marble V program, expected to be delivered at a rate of two per month, over four years, the largest Israeli acquisition yet. This acquisition raises the total number of IAF F-16s to 362, which will make the IAF the one of the world’s largest F-16 operators, second only to the US Air Force.

    The F-16I will provide the backbone of the air force’s strike force, and is expected to gradually phase out the last of the F-4E/2000 units that are still operational with the IAF, although, according to senior IAF officials, such decision has not been taken yet. The new aircraft will augment more than 230 F-16s now in service, as well as the IAF’s fleet of more than 90 F-15-series fighters. The IAF received its first 75 F-16A/Bs (blocks 5, 10 and 15, designated “Netz”) in 1980-1981. In 1987-1988, Israel received 75 Block 30 F-16C/D aircraft (designated Barak). 60 Block 40 (Barak-2) aircraft were delivered in 1990-1993. In 1994, 50 USAF surplus Block 10 aircraft were delivered to augment existing units and replace attrition. These aircraft were modernized to the IAF Netz standard, and are now designated Netz-2.

    The current delivery of 102 aircraft will be the last major reorganization of the IAF, until the acquisition of the next generation fighters (such as JSF). The aircraft are expected to be fielded in several bases in the Negev desert, initially in the Ramon Air Force Base. The IAF plans to implement a new logistical support system in one of the Negev bases, to optimize the use of support equipment, test systems, spare parts and manpower skills. Another aspect of the support concept is the training of “versatile technicians”, support personnel who have more than one skill, hence fewer but more versatile support teams will be able to support the aircraft at more effective turnaround cycle.

    Israel Air Force F-16I Soufa

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    The F-16I is based on an advanced F-16 Block 52 aircraft. The Israeli version has integrated several new systems, developed and produced in Israel, required by the IAF, to maintain and enhance its operational capability. Despite the inclusion of many additional systems, the empty weight of the aircraft was maintained at the level of current Israeli Block 40 (Barak) F-16s. The “diet” included the use of lightweight materials, as well as the use of advanced avionics that offer considerable saving in weight and space.

    The Sufa version of the F-16 Block 52 has a distinctive dorsal avionics compartment that accommodates all of the systems of the single-seat model as well as some special mission equipment and additional chaff/flare dispensers. The Israeli model is powered by the Pratt & Whitney F110-PW-229 Increased Performance Engine (IPE) engine develops over 29,000 lbs of thrust but weighs only 3,740 lbs. It incorporates modern turbine materials, cooling management techniques, compressor aerodynamics and electronic controls – many of them derived from F-119 and F-135 engines used in the new F-22 Raptor and JSF. The Advanced Block 52 aircraft use the Normal Shock Inlet (also known as the small mouth inlet).

    Cockpit:

    The Israeli F-16I cockpit features a helmet-mounted cueing system, color multifunction displays and recording equipment, cockpit lighting and external strip lighting compatible with night vision goggles, and large-capacity data transfer sets. Cockpit displays are driven by the Integrated color display processor (ICDP) developed by Elbit Systems, which drives the six multifunction color liquid crystal displays with 484×484 pixel resolution, built by Astronautics CA. HUDs are delivered by BAE Systems (initial 18-25) and El-OP (77-84). For the first time, the company embedded a digital map system and digital terrain flight algorithms into the ICDP computer. Such integration has saved considerable weight, wiring and logistical and technical support, previously required for separate systems. The Inertial Terrain Aided (RITA) system, developed by RAFAEL, uses proprietary algorithms based on accurate terrain reference navigation that improve low-level flight safety, and enable terrain following flight in all weather conditions, day or night and improve flight safety by avoiding ground collision. The aircraft is also equipped with a LANTIRN navigation pod, which enables automatic terrain following flight, utilizing a combination of forward looking imager and TF radar. This system enables the both crew members to fly safely at low altitude, as they were flying on “autopilot”, and concentrate on the employment of mission system and weapons. The fully missionized rear cockpit is used for navigation and Weapon Systems Operation (WSO).

    Each cockpit has three displays and Head Up Display (HUD). Color coding is designed to match specific information, in different operational modes, to emphasize the information most important at every phase of the mission. All cockpit lighting, including the color displays, are designed to work with night vision systems. The tandem cockpit utilizes two fully functional positions for the pilot and weapon systems operator and navigator, both are equipped with the DASH-IV helmet mounted display and sight, developed by VCI Inc, a Rockwell-Collins / Elbit Systems Joint Venture which is also developing the new JHMCS helmets for the USAF and US Navy. The helmet display also provides critical flight and target information to the pilot — similar to a head-up display, but in any direction the pilot looks. DASH IV is a fourth generation of the DASH system, of which 500 are already in service. The new system offers several advantages compared to previous models, such the addition of a video camera that can record the pilot’s view to the mission debriefing system, more accurate line-of-sight tracking, etc. The system offers improved tracking accuracy and a miniature helmet mounted video camera that records the pilot’s line of sight view.

    Core Avionics Systems

    Another improvement over previous F-16 versions was introduced in the core avionics, which utilizes the General Avionics Computer (GAC) delivered by EFW, a division of Elbit Systems. This computer benefits from technology advances including increased processing speeds and memory capacity, by the using off-the-shelf technology, which improves supportability. The aircraft is equipped with a high capacity, ultra-fast network based on a fiber-channel backbone, which links all avionics modules, external stores and sensors into a unified, high capacity multi-channel network. Utilizing a high capacity (1 gigabyte) switch, the FiberChannel runs data streams over five channels with standards based protocols such as 1553 and 1790.

    The navigation equipment is based on a 7 channel GPS and ring-laser Inertial Navigation System (INS), an integration of systems produced by Honeywell, Raytheon and General Dynamics. The TACAN is provided by Rockwell, which also provides the ARC-217 HF radio. BAE Systems is providing the ILS system and an advanced IFF transponder/interrogator. which improves the operation of the aircraft beyond visual range, and enable safe employment of long range A/A missiles. The communications equipment is based on an integrated voice/data system, that incorporates RAFAEL’s Green Radio, a localized and improved version of the Rockwell Collins ARC-210 VHF/UHF radio, equipped with a data modem, and an advanced data-link system, produced by IAI/MLM. These classified systems are believed to be more advanced to Link 16, offer integrated, secured and jam-resistant communications was designed to provide instantaneous high quality, high capacity communication between surface and air elements.

    The aircraft is also equipped with an advanced data recorder, Advanced Data Transfer Equipment / Digital Video Recording (ADTE/DVR) developed and produced by Smiths Aerospace. The system uses a 15 gigabyte memory cartridge to store the entire flight records. The system records and time-stamps three video and databus channels, including video (HUD, helmet view, sensor view etc), audio (radio, intercom), avionics and sensor data (radar, digital map and flight data systems.) 3 digital video channels. A special mission debriefing system (SIMNET), designed by RADA is used to extract the data and present it for post mission debriefing and analysis.

    Advanced 120mm Mortar Bomb

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    “Semi-smart” mortar munitions is under development at Soltam Defense for 120mm tubes. Designated “Mor” – M150/M151 HE-TAG , (Terminal Area Guided) mortar bomb implements laser homing technique for improving the accuracy of the mortar fire against “time-urgent” area targets, rather than hitting point targets at pinpoint accuracy. The idea is to fire a single mortar round on target to neutralize it, thus saving the costly ammunition spent in traditional ranging process. The bomb’s ballistics matches the ballistics characteristics of a standard HE bomb. A homing device is fitted to the tip of the bomb, which scans the ground during its terminal trajectory phase searching for the designated target area. Once the laser spot has been acquired, moving tail fins are deployed to correct the bomb’s trajectory to impact on the spot. Fired from M120/121 battalion mortars, the M150 has a range of 7,2km. The M151 can be fired from an A-7 long barrel mortar, and reaches up to 9,5km.

    Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Vehicle

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    IAI Ramta: EODV

    IAI/Ramta has developed a specially equipped, protected EOD vehicle which is currently in use by the IDF and Israeli Border police. The vehicle is based on the International Truck Corp. Model 4800 vehicle, fitted with a bullet proof engine compartment and protected cabin for the crew and internal staging area. It is equipped with a fully integrated mission electronic, robotic and surveillance system. The vehicle contains two robots stored in the rear compartment which are deployed via hydraulic lift/ramp.

    Access and egress is available from rear and side, as well as from forward crew cabin. The system has built in GPS system and an EW jammer which disrupts  the initiation of remotely controlled explosive charges. The crew can fight and return fire from within the vehicle, through side firing ports and top firing hatch. The vehicle is also equipped with external floodlights, on-board generator, and run-flat tires.

    EODV - Internal View

     

    US Army Active Defense Program

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    The next step in the US Army Defensive Aid Technology (DAS) is the Army Active Protection System (IAAPS). This is an integrated FCS system uses integrated soft and hard-kill measures, passive (EO) and active (radar) sensors, soft kill countermeasures (IR jammers and decoys) and hard kill active protection system devices. The system is designed to protect an armored vehicle from direct fire and top attack threats with growth potential for Kinetic Energy (KE) threat defeat. IAAPS is programmed to intercept a threat at a long range, by detecting the launch signature of a missile or gun firing of a tank. After detection, the system attempts to disrupt the missile’s guidance by IR countermeasures, but if such attempts fail, the hard-kill module is erected, detects the incoming target, and traverse to point the countermeasure rockets at the incoming target. A projectile is launched at the direction of the incoming threat, to intercept and destroy it at a distance of 30 meters from the protected vehicle.   In February 2003, the U.S. Army’s Tank-automotive and Armaments Command (TACOM) demonstrated the defeat of three new categories of anti-tank threats by such a new Integrated defensive system developed by United Defense Industries. Unlike existing countermeasures, threats were defeated by “soft kill” electronic countermeasures and “hard kill” active protection counter-munitions. The System classifies the inbound threat and assigns the right countermeasure to defeat it. The suite includes two types of passive sensors, electronic warfare countermeasures and an active protection system composed of launcher, radar and a deployed countermeasure. The system demonstrated both “point protection” of the attacked vehicle as well as “area protection” of a limited surrounding area. The suite incorporates an EW system delivered by BAE Systems and an active protection system developed by Northrop Grumman Space Technology, linking to United Defense’s platform survivability processor. A derivative of IAAPS designated CICM, utilizing nun-bursting electrically powered active countermeasures was developed by United Defense in 2004, as a near-term countermeasure against RPG threats encountered in Iraq. IAAPS can handle multiple, simultaneous threats and has already defeated six categories of threats over the past year, puts the system right on track for FCS Block 1. In September 2003, TACOM began a new series of tests that included IAAPS testing on a combat vehicle defeating live threats while traveling at 20 mph. These tests are expected to continue through 2005. Future growth of the IAAPS system includes incorporation of the objective active protection counter-munitions for hardened threats and specifically large caliber long rod penetrators. The Integrated Army Active Protective System (IAAPS) is The Command is developing the following two APS programs for integration into the current force in order to increase survivability of our warfighters.

    DRAGON FIRE I – II Expeditionary Fire Support System (EFSS)

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    Since 1997 the US Marine Corps Warfighting laboratory is experimenting the Dragon Fire, Expeditionary Fire Support System – a mortar based system that designed to provide mobile fire support for expeditionary forces. Dragon Fire I system demonstrator that utilized a 120mm rifled, recoiling, self-loading mortar, that can fire rifled or smoothbore ammunition. The original system had a weight of 7,000 pounds, but the new version, Dragon Fire II weighs only 3,200 pounds, and will be capable of deployment in a towed, heliborne and mounted versions. Dragon Fire II is the follow-on experimentation phase of the program, which utilizes a towed by a tactical vehicle (such as the HUMMV) or internally mounted on a LAV The mortar has a range of 8,200 meters (13,000 m’ with rocket assisted projectiles). It can fire 10 rounds per minute for 2 minutes, or four rounds per minute sustained fire. The system has an on-board digital communications, navigation and computation facilities to enable effective precision fire at a closed “sensor-to-shooter” loop. The USMC Warfighting Lab is also experimenting with remote control capability and stabilization that will enable fire on the move for improved agility and responsiveness. The system can be deployed from amphibious ships, internally, in CH-53 helicopters and MV-22 Osprey tilt-rotor aircraft. Dragon Fire II EFSS systems transitioned into a spiral acquisition with the award of the program to General Dynamics Ordnance & Tactical Systems (GD OTS) in October 2004. GD OTS is cooperating with TDA Armaments SAS, a joint venture between Thales and EADS Deutchland, to produce ammunition for these mortars.

    Full Spectrum Active Protection Close-In Shield (FCLAS)

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    The FCLAS system, under development at the US Army Tank Automotive R&D and Engineering Center (TRADEC) is one of the candidates for the future FASP program. This system provides an autonomous, fast reacting countermeasure against incoming threats, such as RPGs, anti-tank missiles and HEAT ammunition (CE). The program development is supported by the US Special Operations Command and the US Department of Energy.

    FCLAS can for the “close-in” element of a larger protection suit (FSAP for example) or as a stand-alone system. It is comprised of a sensor and short range grenade launcher, loaded with special fragmentation grenades with delay fuses set to intercept the incoming threat at a range of approx. 5 meters from the protected vehicle. The actual initiation of the explosive charge is triggered by a side looking RF proximity fuse which senses the incoming projectile as it passes nearby. The explosion forms a vertical, doughnut shaped fragmentation effect that kills the passing threat but does not effect the protected vehicle. The system’s target weight is 140 kg., to enable deployment on light vehicles. Each grenade is equipped with a forward looking radar mounted on the exposed tip of the grenade. Each of the FCLAS munitions has such an integrated radar, which forms a complete sensor, monitoring a protective hemisphere around and above the vehicle. The Army hopes to get a prototype system of FCLAS for testing in 2004 and an operational system, which could protect against RPG threats, deployed with Bradley, Stryker Humvee and military trucks (FMTV) – by 2005.

    The system can be used to protect armored and unarmored vehicles, as well as naval vessels and even helicopters. Other utilization options include protection of fixed locations, including military posts, buildings and even soft targets such as tents or highly vulnerable objects such as oil and gas tanks etc. FCLAS was awarded among the US Army Material Comamnd’s “10 greatest inventions for 2002”.

    GRAN 120mm Guided Mortar Bomb

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    GRAN 120mm guided mortar delivered weapon is designed to defeat armoured and soft targets. The weapon is designed to defeat single targets or target groups at ranges of 1.5 – 9 kilometers. Single targets can be individually attacked when grouped in an area of 300 radius, with the same fire angle and without changing settings in the projectile.

    The guided bomb utilizes laser illumination to home in on the target. The system uses a mobile or dismounted (carried by a crew of two) and operated fire control system, that also supports target illumination, location and orientation of the firing position.

    The projectile weighs 27kg, of which 11.2kg is the High Explosive Fragmentation warhead, containing 5.3 kg of HE. and has a warhead.

    Dyneema Polyethylene Fiber

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    Dyneema fibers, developed by the Dutch company DSM is a super-strong polyethylene fiber used for various applications requiring security, strength and lightweight. In woven textile form, the fiber is used for the manufacturing of bulletproof armor and in protective clothing for law enforcement agencies and the military. Dyneema is 15 times stronger than steel and, weight-for-weight, is 40 percent stronger than competing aramid fibers. With specific weight lower than water, Dyneema floats on water, and is highly resistant to abrasion, moisture, UV rays and chemicals.

    Dual Protection Vests Made of Steel Reinforced Fibers

    New models of body armor are offering protection from gunshots, shrapnel and knives stabs. These vests are fabricated from a combination of Dyneema high-performance polyethylene fiber from DSM and Steelskin steel cord material from Bekaert providing stab protection against edged weapons. The combined material provides dual protection vests offering the same class of protection, compared to competitive materials and technology. In the past, similar levels of protection required heavier and stiffer outfits which were uncomfortable to use. According to DSM, the combination of the two materials adds improved performance – as the steel wire blunts and damages a blade with each thrust, while the super-strong fibers further absorb the impact energy to stop the damaged knife and minimize trauma.

    Manufacturers already using the new combined material include C.P.E. Production, a Finnish manufacturer of combat protective equipment, offering the enhanced vests to police and private security companies. Sioen of Ireland supply similar vests to the Irish An Garda Siochana, police. The armor provided by Sioen is PSDB certified to protection level HG1A/KR1 and is the lightest system currently available on the market. The new material was unveiled November 22, at the Milipol 2005 exhibition in Paris.

    Pocket Sized Forward Entry Device (PFED)

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    The joint Pocket-sized Forward Entry Device (PFED) is a new military grade Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) application designed primarily for forward observers, artillery fire direction and target acquisition missions. The PFED is an integrated system, comprising of communications-enabled RPDA, GPS receiver and laser range-finding binoculars. Similar systems also support intelligence reporting. Similar systems are currently under development to support specific forward air control, mortar fire control and special operations non-line-of-sight missile planning/management applications.
    The integration of GPS and laser binoculars enables the user to instantaneously acquire direction, distance and vertical interval to the target, determining heading and speed of moving targets. This data provides local calculation of the target coordinates. The operator can add target information to the report, such as type of target, or munitions selected for the attack.

    Previously forward observers used maps and radio to pinpoint target location, determine grid coordinates and verbally call in fire requests. A typical fire order sequence could take over 45 seconds. With the PFED, this process is shrinking to less than 10 seconds and is much more reliable and accurate, due to all range and location calculations processed and transferred between machines, eliminating the human error risk. The next version of PFED, expected to be released by the end of 2004, is to contain an embedded military GPS further reducing size, system power consumption and weight of the system. Integration with the laser/binocular will also be simplified using Bluetooth wireless networking technology.

    BB 2590 Li-ion Rechargeable Battery

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    The BB 2590 lithium ion rechargeable battery is the new generation of rechargeable battery, planned to replace BB 390 Ni-Cd models which was used primarily for training. Several manufacturers are producing the battery, and new chargers are offered to provide optimal support for the product.

    The British Army was one of the first forces to adapt rechargeable batteries for its combat equipment. The batteries chosen by the British Army are using the Lithium-ion (Li-ion) Kaizen cell developed by AEA (picture at right), fitted with integrated intelligent electronics offer reduced size and weight, compared to current technology cells. A typical 6 man patrol will have full control over its battery resources, and be able reduce its attributable battery weight load from 14kg to less than 3kg – giving advantages in both mobility and capacity for other equipment. The new cells has been designed specifically to meet the extreme requirements of rugged applications and thanks to its hermetic sealing and no memory effect, even after periods of inactivity, it will still deliver full performance. The battery offers effective operation in extreme temperatures, ranging from -51 degrees centigrade to +75 degrees centigrade. The temperature performance of the Cell will end the practice of “shirt stuffing” whereby the existing Ni-Cd battery is carried next to the skin in an attempt to keep it warm. Improved recharging is achieved by more reliable fuel gauging, optimized charge and discharge regimes and battery history monitoring enable maximization of battery life – up to 1200 recharging cycles, four times more often than previous NiCd batteries. The HF Radio battery for Bowman batteries utilize the Mil Std BB2590 form factor, to provides high capacity, yet offers the rugged, light weight and wide temperature operability features.

    Another type of the 2590 cell was introduced by Ultralife Batteries in mid 2004 is the UBI-2590 Lithium Ion rechargeable battery, with two independent 15-volt sections, each with separate protection electronics and capacity gauges, enables users to operate the battery in either 15-volt or 30-volt modes. Its capacity in the 15-volt mode is 12.0 Ah @ 1A @ 23°C and 6.0 Ah @ 500 mA @ 23°C in the 30-volt mode. The battery has a maximum weight of 1.44 Kg and has an operating temperature range of –20°C to 60°C.

    Valence Technology Inc. is also offering a 2590 type battery named VLNC-2590 Lithium-ion rechargeable battery, produced with Saphion technology (phosphate based cathode) which is considered safer, more stable than cobalt-oxide based material used for conventional cathodes. The package has two separately protected 12V sections and capacity gauges. The battery weighs 1.128 kg and produces 8.6 Ah @ 1A @ 23°C and 4.3 Ah @ 500 mA @ 23°C in the 30-volt mode. Operating temperature range of –20°C to 60°C.

    BA 5590 Lithium Battery

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    The most common battery is the BA 5590. This battery is rated at 7.2 Ah at 70 F and 5.6 Ah at -20 F. Based on the Li/SO2 chemistry, in use the US Military in communications applications over the past 10 – 15 years, this type was the only lithium technology currently available that has a proven successful record in combat situations. With a nominal 200 mA drain in typical use, the battery could provide 28 hours of operation at the minimum temperature.One of the leading manufacturers of BA 5590 is Saft. The company produces three versions of the BA 5590 battery: the BA 5590 Lithium Sulfur Dioxide and Lithium Manganese Dioxide (LiMnO2) are used as primary sources while Lithium Rechargeable (BA 2590 Li-ion) are gradually replacing some primary batteries in military equipment. In the period 1999 – 2003 Saft delivered 1,000,000 BA-5590 batteries to the US Military, and was the largest supplier of batteries during the 2003 war in Iraq.

    About Defense Update

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    Tamir Eshel
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    Defense Update is an online defense magazine published in Israel.

    Editorial team:

    • Editor in Chief: Tamir Eshel (Contact: editor @ defense-update.com)
    • Assistant Editor, Senior Defense Systems Analyst: Lt. Col. (Ret) Dan Zeevi
    • Assistant Editor, Photography: Noam Eshel

    Founded in 1978 by Col. (Ret) David Eshel (1928-2019), Defense-Update provides trusted, unbiased features written by defense professionals for defense professionals, scholars, and analysts. Defense-Update highlights defense technology programs and innovation, including land warfare covering armor, infantry and support elements, aerospace, naval, C4ISR, EW, Cyber Warfare, Intelligence, net-centric warfare, unmanned systems and robotics, and homeland defense.

    Written by experienced defense journalists from different nations, with the contribution by analysts specializing in various fields, Defense Update provides comprehensive coverage of particular defense-related topics, including Armored Fighting Vehicles (AFV), Future Combat Systems, Aerospace – and unmanned systems, as well as robotics and Precision Strike Weapons. It also covers an in-depth analysis of developing trends in Command, Control, Communications and Computing, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR).

    Focusing on evolving trends such as multi-domain and hybrid warfare, net-centric operations, active defense, C-RAM, counter-drone force protection, and homeland security, Defense-Update is recognized as a reliable source of updated information among international decision-makers.

    Besides the news and features, Defense-Update also provides an up-to-date and comprehensive list of defense exhibitions and professional events, including the US and International defense and aerospace exhibitions, professional conferences, and other events. Most of the major events are also covered in detail by our editors.

    All features published by Defense-Update are periodically updated to reflect the development and progress of key defense-related programs.

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