U.S. Army Selects New Small UAS for Company-Level Operations

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Sep 12, 2024

Ghost-SUAS — Anduril Ghost X Small UAS selected by the US Army for the new Company level SUAS. Photo: U.S. Army by Sgt. Charlie Duke.

The U.S. Army has taken a significant step forward in modernizing its reconnaissance and surveillance capabilities at the company level. In a recent announcement, the Army revealed its selection of two Small Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (SUAS) to meet its Company-Level Small Uncrewed Aircraft System Directed Requirement.

The chosen systems are the Ghost X, developed by Anduril Industries, and the C-100 UAS from Performance Drone Works (PDW). This selection marks the first tranche of the Directed Requirement (DR), with a contract value of $14.417 million. The Army will acquire these systems through the Defense Logistics Agency’s Tailored Logistics Support 10-Year Indefinite Delivery Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract.

The Company Level SUAS DR, approved in June 2023, aims to equip maneuver companies with rapidly reconfigurable and attritable payload systems. These drones will enhance the Army’s ability to conduct reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition missions at the company level. The selection of commercial off-the-shelf systems is designed to meet immediate operational needs while informing future requirements.

Performance Drone Works (PDW) C-100 small UAS was selected for the US Army Company Level SUAS. Photo: US Army PEO Aviation by David Hylton.

Notably, the Army received additional funding from the Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) to accelerate this program. Both selected systems have been vetted for compliance with the 2020 National Defense Authorization Act. They are listed on DIU’s Blue List of commercial UAS technology approved for Department of Defense use.

“The Directed Requirement for a Company Level Small UAS capability is a priority requirement based on observations from the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza,” said Gen. James Rainey, Commanding General of U.S. Army Futures Command. “This requirement describes the importance of considering the UAS as a system, not just an air vehicle, and highlights the importance of adaptability.” The rapid selection process, completed within five months of the initial notification, demonstrates the Army’s commitment to agile acquisition in emerging technology areas.

This development is seen as a prime example of the Army’s efforts to transform its capabilities rapidly, putting new technology in the hands of soldiers for experimentation and innovation. It also showcases the effective partnership between the Army and DIU in bringing commercial technology into military use to meet high-priority requirements.

Barracuda: A New Family of Low-Cost Autonomous Cruise Missiles from Anduril

By

Tamir Eshel

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Sep 12, 2024

Anduril-Barracuda-1021 — Barracuda 250 is designed for internal or external carriage by 5th and 4th gen strike fighters. Photo: Anduril Industries

Anduril Industries has recently introduced its new “Barracuda” family of autonomous cruise missiles, addressing air forces’ need for affordably increased stockpiles of precision weapons. The Barracuda missiles are currently in the company flight-testing phase. This development comes as the U.S. military seeks to enhance its deterrence against peer competitors, particularly in potential conflicts with China.

The Barracuda family consists of three variants:

The Barracuda family consists of three members, each with unique characteristics. The smallest, the Barracuda-100, is designed for air launch and high-volume missions. Its sibling, the Barracuda-250, offers a middle ground in size and capability. The largest in the trio, the Barracuda-500, stands out with its adaptability to swarm attacks using cargo launch design.

Despite their differences, all three Barracudas share common subsystems that set them apart in bespoke-designed cruise missiles. They can travel long distances, carry payloads over 100 pounds, maneuver up to 5Gs, and loiter in the air for more than two hours. Anduril’s engineers explained that these capabilities allow for a wide range of mission types, from gathering intelligence to engaging targets with kinetic or other effects.

Barracuda 100 advanced autonomous cruise missile is used with helicopters, strike fighters, and ground launch options. Photo: Anduril Industries

Barracuda-100: The smallest variant, with a range of 85 nm and a payload of 35 pounds, is designed for high-volume, low-cost missions. It can be launched from the ground or by rail launch from attack helicopters, tail dropped from C-130 transport aircraft, or launched from the air, which shortens its operational range to 60 nm.

Barracuda-250: This medium-sized variant, carrying the same warhead as the 100, is also air-launched, offering a balance between size and capability. This version extends the range to 200 nm for air-launched versions or 150 for surface-launched versions. It is designed for internal carriage on all types of F-35 and bombers or externally carried by multirole strike fighters (F15, F16, F18E/F). It can also be launched from the ground or surface vessels.

Barracuda-500: The largest variant carrying a bigger warhead (over 100 pounds), still smaller than current cruise missiles. It is configured for air launch only, either from strike fighters or transport aircraft such as the C-17 and C-130 using the Rapid Dragon palletized system, enabling the rapid deployment of missile swarms at targets within a 500 nm range.

With 500+ nm range and 100+ lb payload capacity, Barracuda-500 can be air-launched en masse to deliver a variety of effects for extended range missions. Photo: Anduril Industries

Aimed at Cost-Efficiency

The philosophy behind the Barracuda’s design is equally innovative. In an age where military budgets are scrutinized, Anduril has focused on cost-effectiveness to enable mass production. The Barracuda missile requires less than ten tools to produce and 50% fewer parts than traditional systems, resulting in a product that’s 30% cheaper than comparable missiles. The missile leverages commercially and widely available components across six common subsystems. Open systems architecture and software-defined, hardware-enabled design aim to enable rapid integration and testing, leveraging the latest advancements over the weapon lifecycle and implementing advanced, autonomous behaviors such as collaborative mission autonomy.

Anduril was selected by the US Air Force and Defense Innovation Unit as one of four competitors for their future Enterprise Test Vehicle. Anduril is pitching the Barracuda-500 for this program.

BAE Systems Australia Unveils an Uncrewed Collaborative Combat Vehicle – the ATLAS

By

Tamir Eshel

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Sep 11, 2024

ATLAS-CCV — BAE Systems Australia ATLAS CCV unveiled today.

BAE Systems Australia has introduced a wheeled uncrewed ground vehicle (UGV) designed to support dismounted and mechanized forces in combat. The Autonomous Tactical Light Armour System (ATLAS) Collaborative Combat Variant (CCV) is an 8×8 UGV that boasts high levels of autonomy for both on and off-road operations. The new vehicle complements crewed vehicles such as infantry fighting vehicles and main battle tanks, offering military commanders enhanced tactical flexibility while prioritizing soldier safety.

Andrew Gresham, Managing Director of Defence Delivery at BAE Systems Australia, emphasized the vehicle’s strategic importance: “ATLAS will enable the Australian Army to be fit to fight in the littoral environment. It will help the soldier outpace, out-maneuver, and out-think conventional and unconventional threats.”

The ATLAS CCV is designed to perform a wide range of combat and combat support roles, significantly enhancing the capabilities of traditional main force efforts. Its versatility allows it to supplement crewed vehicles and in stand-alone missions where an uncrewed presence is preferred.

One of the ATLAS CCV’s key strengths lies in its combination of a proven high-mobility, high-agility chassis, and running gear, coupled with the low-profile 25mm gun VANTAGE Automated Turret System (ATS). This integration, along with cutting-edge autonomy, navigation, and command and control systems, enables the vehicle to seamlessly accompany other combat vehicles on the battlefield, contributing meaningfully to mission success across various roles. The ATLAS CCV has armored sections to protect sensitive elements such as its autonomy core and ammunition storage.

As an uncrewed platform, ATLAS can be teleoperated, execute ‘follow-me’ missions following soldiers or other vehicles, navigate a course of action following predesignated waypoints while avoiding obstacles it detects on the way, or plan and perform goal-based missions. This autonomy is performed without direct human involvement but is supervised by the operator.

Reconnaissance and Surveillance

Equipped with advanced E/O and acoustic sensors as standard, including a multi-spectral automatic target detection, tracking, and classification system, the ATLAS CCV can perform reconnaissance and surveillance missions, acting as the eyes and ears of a main force. It can conduct forward reconnaissance or serve as a stationary ‘sentry’ to detect and track threats. ATLAS can also perform overwatch and electronic surveillance duties in this mode, providing critical intelligence to commanders.

Combat Wingman

Its compact size and significant organic firepower make ATLAS CCV a useful companion for crewed combat vehicles. Its high mobility using 8×8 independent wheel propulsion, central tire inflation system, run-flat inserts, and all-axle steering allows it to maintain contact with both tracked and wheeled combat vehicles across challenging terrains and in all weather conditions. As a ‘combat wingman,’ ATLAS CCV can undertake advance guard, flank security, target identification and engagement, combat reconnaissance, and direct fire support.

The ATLAS CCV mounts the VANTAGE ATS from Valhalla equipped with the M252 Bushmaster gun.

Assault Capabilities

The VANTAGE Automated Turret System is a lightweight, automated, medium-caliber turret designed specifically for uncrewed platforms. It incorporates a ‘human-in-the-loop’ targeting system, ensuring ethical oversight in critical decision-making processes.

The VANTAGE ATS is armed with the combat-proven M242 Bushmaster 25mm cannon, providing accurate and lethal fire up to a range of 2,500 meters. With a dual ammunition feed system, a ready-use capacity of 260 rounds, and a switch between two types of ammo – such as anti-tank and high explosive- the ATLAS CCV can engage multiple targets effectively and maintain high battlefield persistence. High elevation (+70 degrees) enables efficient C-UAS engagement. The vehicle’s 10-tonne combat weight and rugged suspension system provide a stable firing platform for consistent, accurate fire delivery.

Collaborative Combat Vehicle

ATLAS CCV’s heart lies in a sophisticated autonomy system that serves as the vehicle’s brain. This advanced technology allows the UGV to navigate independently, avoid obstacles, plan routes, and even make tactical decisions. Its modular architecture allows for mission-specific configurations and future upgrades, ensuring the vehicle can evolve to counter emerging technologies and threats.

ATLAS CCV is armed with the ‘VANTAGE’ ATS, a new, lightweight, and highly automated medium caliber turret system using the M252 25mm Bushmaster gun reused from the Australian ASLAV combat recce vehicle. Designed specifically for use on uncrewed platforms, this turret system incorporates a ‘human-in-the-loop’ targeting system, balancing autonomous operation with necessary human oversight in critical decision-making processes. The vehicle can carry several tons of cargo with first-line resupply for companion crewed platforms, including ammunition, fuel, rations, water, and mission-critical equipment.

The ATLAS CCV is powered by a Cummins ISB 6-cylinder 6.7-litre diesel engine and an Allison 3000 automatic transmission, both of which are also used in the Supacat HMT, which is also used by the Australian Army.

Practicality and logistical efficiency were key considerations in the design of ATLAS CCV. The vehicle fits into a standard 20-foot ISO container or flat rack for trucks, rail, sea, and air transportation. This feature simplifies deployment and enhances the vehicle’s role as a logistics multiplier for companion crewed platforms.

BAE Systems Australia developed the CCV as a self-funded project, working closely with partners, including Supacat in the UK and Australia, Valhalla Turrets in Slovenia, and Victorian manufacturer Marand.

BAE Systems’ unveiling of ATLAS CCV comes at a time when autonomous and semi-autonomous systems are increasingly shaping the future of warfare. The company’s expertise in this field, built on more than three decades of complex autonomous projects, positions it at the forefront of this technological revolution. As the first UGV to be developed in Australia, ATLAS CCV showcases the country’s growing capabilities in defense technology. It signals its intent to be a key player in shaping the future of military operations.

Defense-Update Weekly Summary

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News Desk

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Sep 6, 2024

Dive into the latest global defense and military technology developments with Defense-Update Weekly News. Visit Defense-Update to dive deeper in this week’s news:

Highlights:

For detailed news by topic, refer to the following reports:

In this episode, we cover:
00:00 – Introduction
00:30 – Drone Warfare Innovations in Ukraine
02:15 – Advancements in aerial munitions
03:45 – Air defense systems and international support
05:00 – Naval aviation developments
06:30 – Global fighter jet acquisitions
08:15 – Military transport and medical evacuation advancements
09:30 – Kongsberg’s expansion in Australia
11:00 – Land warfare news
12:30 – Unmanned systems and radar technology
14:00 – Remote-controlled armored vehicles
15:15 – Model 437 Vanguard experimental aircraft
17:00 – Geopolitical developments
18:30 – Conclusion

Stay informed on the latest defense technology, geopolitical shifts, and military innovations. Whether you’re a defense professional, technology enthusiast, or simply curious about global security, this update provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of modern warfare.

#DefenseTechnology #MilitaryInnovation #DroneWarfare #AviationTechnology #GlobalSecurity #DefenseIndustry #MilitaryNews
For more in-depth analysis and defense updates, visit our website: https://defense-update.com

DISCLAIMER: This content is for informational purposes only. All information presented is based on publicly available sources and should not be considered professional military or strategic advice.

Drones and Smart Bombs: Ukraine-Russia’s Deadly Exchange

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News Desk

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Sep 5, 2024

Defense-Update from the Russo-Ukraine War. Following are some of this week’s military technology news highlights from the Russo-Ukraine conflict

Ukrainian Forces and Russian Laser Threats

Ukrainian sources have reported sightings of green light rays on the battlefield, which were identified as a new threat from Russian forces. These rays, visible only at night, are thought to be emitted by an EO/IR payload developed by Russian drone maker ZALA. The Z-16IRQ-V/L uses an HD thermal imager and a video camera with an integrated laser rangefinder and designator. The laser is effective at distances up to 1,500 m. Laser designation is used to guide guided ammunition with semi-active laser homing. The visibility of these laser beams, which typically operate in the infrared range, is considered a drawback as it unmasks the user platform. The green light is probably the laser used as a spotter beam.

Ukraine and Russia Use Drones with Incendiary Payloads

Russian and Ukrainian drones now use incendiary payloads. Ukraine’s “Dragon’s Breath” FPV drones employ thermite incendiary munitions that can reach temperatures exceeding 2,400 degrees when ignited. Thermite consists of a mixture of iron oxide and aluminum powders.

FPV drones are being used to intercept reconnaissance drones and helicopters in the Ukraine front.

Maiden Flight of the Model 437 Vanguard
Drone Interceptors Appear on the Russo-Ukraine War

Both Russia and Ukraine have recently displayed First-Person View (FPV) drone video footage showing intercepts of reconnaissance drones by FPV drones. One of these events shows an intercept of a Russian reconnaissance UAV, Zala Z-20, in the lens of Ukrainian FPV kamikaze drones. This UAV has a longer range and can guide the Lancet to a target at a distance of 70+ km.

Russia Extends Range of UMPC Bomb Glide and Guidance Kit

Russia has reportedly upgraded its UMPC (Universal Planning and Correction Module), bomb guidance, and range extension kit with larger wings and tail area, enabling the weapon to glide over longer distances. The current glide bombs used by Russia, namely the FAB500, 15000, and 3000, can glide up to 65 km, enabling Russian fighter bombers such as the Su-34 to strike targets within Ukraine when flying deep over occupied lands in Eastern Ukraine Luhansk or Donetsk. The new winged kit will bring more targets deeper inland within the Russian aviation strike range. The UMPC is considered a more affordable and powerful attack weapon than ballistic missiles (like Iskander) or Cruise missiles.

Ukrainian air force inducts JDAM-ER weapons on MiG-29 fighters

Ukrainian Air Force’s Use of JDAM-ER Bombs

The Ukrainian Air Force has publicly detailed its use of American JDAM-ER glide bombs, revealing their operational range and integration onto Soviet-era MiG-29s. A recent video showcased the destruction of a bridge in Russia’s Kursk region, demonstrating the JDAM-ER’s effective range of approximately 40 km when dropped from a pull-up maneuver. The video also highlighted the programming process for JDAM-ER bombs, which involves uploading the flight mission via a laptop on the ground. Previously, during the war, GPS-guided weapons like Excalibur, HIMARS, and JDAM initially demonstrated very effective results but failed to cope with Russian electronic countermeasures and have lost their effectiveness over time, driving Western manufacturers to implement more advanced jam-resistant techniques into their weapons.

Romania Plans to Transfer Patriot Missiles to Ukraine

Romania’s government approved a bill to donate a Patriot air defense missile system to Ukraine. Romania also seeks a replacement system from allies, particularly the US, to sustain its air defense capabilities.

For weekly more news by topic, refer to the following reports:

New Acquisition Plans for MBT, AIFVs in Europe

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News Desk

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Sep 5, 2024

Land Warfare Weekly Defense-Update

Netherlands to Acquire Leopard 2A8 Tanks and Spike LR 2 Anti-Tank Missiles

The Netherlands has announced plans to procure Spike LR 2 anti-tank missiles from Israeli defense company Rafael. The Spike LR 2 is an advanced multi-purpose missile system known for its precision and versatility in various combat scenarios. The new missiles will replace earlier generation Spike missiles that have been in service for 20 years.

The Dutch army will reinstate part of its heavy armored force with the induction of 50 Leopard 2A8 main battle tanks. The move could be part of the Netherlands’ increasing contribution to NATO following the withdrawal of its heavy armored force, including relatively advanced Leopard 2A7 tanks, in 2011. The Dutch army leased some German tanks and stationed them in Germany but did not deploy their units.

Pre-Production Challenger 3 is Here

The first pre-production variant of the Challenger 3 main battle tank in the United Kingdom was unveiled at Rheinmetall BAE Systems Land, RBSL, the manufacturer’s site in Telford, UK. The tank’s prototypes undergo field trials under operational conditions to validate and refine their performance before another 140 are built and delivered to the British Army.

Maiden Flight of the Model 437 Vanguard
Greece Declines U.S. Offer of Bradley Fighting Vehicles

In a surprising decision, the Greek Army has declined an offer from the United States to receive decommissioned Bradley Fighting Vehicles. This decision comes amid Greece’s ongoing efforts to modernize its military forces. The Bradleys, a staple of U.S. armored forces, were offered as part of a broader military aid package. However, Greece cited logistical and operational concerns, including the cost of maintenance and integration into their existing systems, as reasons for the refusal. Greece currently operates several versions of the Leopard 2 and tanks with the Leonidas, a locally produced armored vehicle.

Croatia’s Acquisition of HIMARS Artillery Systems

Croatia is poised to enhance its military capabilities by acquiring eight M142 HIMARS artillery systems from the United States, valued at approximately $300 million. This move is part of Croatia’s broader strategy of modernizing its defense forces and strengthening its alignment with NATO allies.

Korean K2 MBT is equipped with trainable smoke dischargers as part of a soft-kill APS that includes radar and laser warning devices and directional smoke screening.

Korean MBT for Poland on Display at MSPO 2024

The Korean Hyundai Rotem company displayed the K2EX main battle tank at MSPO. This is a more advanced variant, equipped with the Trophy active protection system. Another tank version also appeared at MSPO, equipped with a soft kill countermeasure system utilizing warning sensors and directional smoke dispensers. Rak mortar with new M69 turret system mounted on the Borsuk chassis

Latvia Establishes NATO Multinational Brigade Center

Latvia has taken a significant step in bolstering regional security by establishing a NATO Multinational Brigade Center. This initiative aims to enhance the coordination and interoperability of NATO forces in the Baltic region. The center will serve as a hub for multinational military cooperation, facilitating joint training exercises and improving rapid response capabilities. This development is significant given the heightened security concerns in Eastern Europe.

Effectiveness and Drawbacks of Thermal Camouflage Surface in Ukraine

Recent footage from Ukraine has showcased thermal camouflage technology’s real-world effectiveness and limitations in modern warfare. The video demonstrates how thermal camouflage can significantly reduce the heat signature of military vehicles, making them harder for thermal imaging systems to detect. This technology is crucial in the ongoing conflict, where thermal imaging is vital in target acquisition and reconnaissance.

For weekly more news by topic, refer to the following reports:

UK, Australian Naval Milestones: Type 26 and Arafura Advance

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News Desk

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Sep 5, 2024

Following is the Defense-Update naval news summary for this week

Australia’s First Arafura-Class OPV Begins Sea Trials

Australia’s naval capabilities are set to expand with the commencement of sea trials for its first Arafura-class offshore patrol vessel (OPV). This milestone marks a significant step in Australia’s naval modernization program. The Arafura-class OPVs enhance Australia’s maritime border protection and patrol capabilities. The successful completion of these trials will pave the way for integrating the new patrol vessels into the Royal Australian Navy’s fleet, strengthening its ability to respond to various maritime challenges.

HMS Cardiff, the second Type 26 frigate for the Royal Navy

UK’s Second Type 26 Frigate Enters Water

The United Kingdom has achieved a significant milestone in its naval modernization efforts with the launch of its second Type 26 frigate. This event marks a critical step in the Royal Navy’s plan to enhance its surface fleet capabilities. The Type 26 frigates are designed for anti-submarine warfare and are equipped with advanced sensors and weaponry to address modern maritime threats. They are expected to be pivotal in securing maritime trade routes and supporting international security operations.
For weekly more news by topic, refer to the following reports:

Kongsberg secures $95 Million JSM Order from Australia

By

Tamir Eshel

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Sep 5, 2024

The Norwegian KONGSBERG Defense company secured a $95 million contract to supply Joint Strike Missiles (JSM) for Australia’s F-35A aircraft, enhancing the country’s long-range strike capabilities. Australia joins Norway, Japan, and the United States in adopting the JSM, highlighting its significance in the Pacific region.

The Australian Government also announced plans for a KONGSBERG strike missile factory in Newcastle, strengthening domestic defense production. Kongsberg has been named a Strategic Partner in Australia’s Guided Weapons and Explosive Ordnance (GWEO) Enterprise, backed by a $16-21 billion government commitment over the next decade. The company announced today an expansion of its Australian presence with a new AUD 25 million ($16.5 million) facility in Adelaide, supporting defense programs including the Naval Strike Missile, National Advanced Surface to Air Missile System (NASAMS), CORTEX C4 for Protected Mobile Fires, and Protector Remote Weapon Stations. The 2,500 square meter site will focus on strike missiles, air defense systems, and remote weapon stations for the Australian armed forces.

Major Fighter Jet Acquisition Programs Brewing in Azerbaijan and India

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News Desk

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Sep 5, 2024

Maiden Flight of the Model 437 Vanguard

Defense-Update Aerospace Weekly News

Azerbaijan to Buy Chinese JF-17 armed them with Turkish Air/Air Missiles

Azerbaijan is set to significantly enhance its air force capabilities by acquiring 24 JF-17 Thunder fighter jets from Pakistan in a $1.6 billion deal. To be delivered in the latest Block III configuration with improved avionics and weaponry, these aircraft will be equipped with Turkish-made Bozdoğan and Gökdoğan air-to-air missiles. The Bozdoğan, a short-range missile with a 25-kilometer range, and the Gökdoğan, a medium-range missile effective up to 65 kilometers, will provide Azerbaijan with advanced air-to-air combat capabilities.

This procurement marks a significant upgrade for Azerbaijan’s air force, introducing modern, versatile combat aircraft capable of various missions, including reconnaissance and close air support. Integrating Turkish missiles with Pakistani-made aircraft underscores the growing defense cooperation between these nations. Deliveries are slated to begin next year, with the full order expected to be completed by 2027, significantly boosting Azerbaijan’s military capabilities in the region.

Azerbaijan opts to equip the Chinese JF-17 with Turkish air/air missiles.

India Set to Purchase 26 Rafale Ms for its Aircraft Carriers

India’s Defense Acquisition Council is poised to approve the purchase of 26 Rafale Marine fighter jets for the Indian Navy in a deal estimated at over 6 billion euros. These advanced aircraft are set to replace India’s aging Russian-made MiG-29K fighters and will be deployed on the country’s two aircraft carriers, INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant. The acquisition, which began negotiations in November 2023, is considered urgent due to the deteriorating strategic environment in the Indo-Pacific region.

The French offer includes options to integrate Indian weapons, such as the Astra air-to-air missile. However, India has opted against incorporating an experimental AESA radar developed by DRDO due to cost and potential delays. This acquisition would elevate India into an elite group of nations operating carrier-based 4.5th generation fighter aircraft alongside the US, UK, France, and China. While the approval is a significant step, it does not guarantee an immediate contract signing, as further cost negotiations are expected. The deal also holds the potential for additional Rafale orders for India’s future aircraft carriers, underscoring its long-term strategic implications for India’s naval capabilities.

UK’s New Medium Helicopter Program Update

After Airbus and Sikorsky withdrew their bids, the UK’s New Medium Helicopter (NMH) program has been narrowed down to a single bidder, Leonardo. This program will replace several aging helicopter types in the UK military, including the Puma HC2 and Bell 212. Leonardo’s AW149 is now the sole contender, with the program’s timeline shifted to an expected service entry around 2027. The NMH program is critical for modernizing the UK’s rotary-wing capabilities and supporting domestic defense industries.

US Air Force and RTX to Upgrade F-22 Sensors

The U.S. Air Force has awarded RTX (Raytheon) a $1 billion contract to upgrade sensors on the F-22 Raptor fighter jet as part of a more significant $7.8 billion modernization effort set to be completed by 2029. This upgrade includes new “Group B hardware,” spares, and support equipment, potentially adding stealthy pods featuring IRST sensors. The Air Force is reconsidering previous plans to retire older F-22 airframes, instead focusing on modernizing the aircraft to maintain air superiority in highly contested environments.

The comprehensive upgrade package for the F-22 includes a wide range of enhancements such as Mode 5 IFF, Link 16 communication system, advanced radar electronic protection, and a new helmet as part of the Next Generation Fixed Wing Helmet program. These improvements aim to keep the F-22 Raptor relevant and effective against peer adversaries, especially given its valuable role as a pure air dominance interceptor and uncertainties surrounding the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) program.

The upgrades reflect the Air Force’s commitment to maintaining air superiority and adapting to evolving threats in highly contested environments. Peer forces are deploying advanced 5^th-generation fighters like China’s J20 and Su-57 in Russia.

Embraer delivers the first C-390 Millennium to the Hungarian Air Force

Embraer has delivered the first C-390 Millennium multi-mission aircraft to the Hungarian Air Force, marking Hungary as the second NATO operator of this aircraft type. This particular C-390 is distinguished by being the first in the world equipped with a roll-on/roll-off Intensive Care Unit, enhancing its capabilities for humanitarian and medical evacuation missions.

The aircraft, fully compatible with NATO requirements, is designed to meet the diverse needs of the Hungarian Defence Forces. It can perform various military and civilian missions, including medical evacuation, humanitarian support, search and rescue, cargo and troop transport, precision cargo airdrop, paratrooper operations, and air-to-air refueling. With a payload capacity of 26 tons and a top speed of 470 knots, the C-390 offers superior performance in its class. Since its introduction to service with the Brazilian Air Force in 2019 and the Portuguese Air Force in 2023, the C-390 fleet has accumulated over 14,000 flight hours, demonstrating high reliability with a 93% mission-capable rate and over 99% mission completion rate.

Italian Navy’s F-35B Achieves Initial Operational Capability

The Italian Navy has achieved Initial Operational Capability (IOC) for its embarked joint F-35B component, deployed on Italy’s Cavour aircraft carrier’s operational campaign in the Indo-Pacific region. The F-35B component, consisting of aircraft from the Italian Navy and Air Force, is now certified for offensive and defensive missions, enhancing Italy’s ability to project power globally. This development positioned Italy with naval deployment capability of 5^th-generation assets alongside the USA and UK.

Kongsberg Secures $95 Million Order for JSM Missiles in Australia

Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KONGSBERG) has significantly expanded its presence in Australia by opening a $16.5 million facility in Adelaide and a $95 million contract to supply Joint Strike Missiles for Australia’s F-35A aircraft. The new 2,500 square meter site will support various defense programs, including strike missiles, air defense systems, and remote weapon stations for the Australian armed forces. (Read more)

U.S. Approves RAM Missile Package for Turkey

In a significant policy shift, the U.S. government has approved a $90 million foreign military sale of RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missiles (RAM) to Turkey. This decision reverses previous restrictions under the CAATSA sanctions and is crucial for enhancing Turkey’s naval defense capabilities. The RAM system, developed by Raytheon and Diehl Defence, provides naval vessels with short-range, close-in protection against anti-ship missiles and other aerial threats. The RAM systems will be integrated into Turkey’s Ada-class corvettes.

Taiwan to Acquire Stinger Missiles Amid Rising Tensions

Taiwan has announced plans to purchase Stinger missiles from the United States, underscoring its ongoing efforts to bolster its defense capabilities amid rising tensions with China. The Stinger missile system can be used as a man-portable or vehicle-mounted air defense operable at very short range (VSHORAD).

For weekly more news by topic, refer to the following reports:

EagleEye Ready for the new Gray Eagle

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News Desk

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Sep 5, 2024

Grayeagle — Gray Eagle 25M will get the new EagleEye radar from General Atomics ASI.

Following is the Defense-Update unmanned systems news summary for the current week.

General Atomics’ EagleEye Enters Production

General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) has announced the production of its first EagleEye multi-mode radar, set to enhance the U.S. Army’s Gray Eagle Extended Range Unmanned Aircraft Systems capabilities. This radar is designed to provide high-resolution imagery through various atmospheric conditions and is a critical component of the new Gray Eagle 25M UAS. The EagleEye radar features improved range and multi-mode performance, tailored for Multi-Domain Operations (MDO), and includes advanced technologies such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and real-time AI/ML software for enhanced target detection. The development of EagleEye represents a significant advancement in radar technology, offering capabilities such as Moving Target Indication (MTI) and Maritime Wide Area Search (MWAS) mode for tracking vessels. This radar system supports the U.S. Army’s strategic goals, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region, and is expected to improve situational awareness and operational effectiveness in various global theaters.

Model 437 Vanguard could be a surrogate for unmanned, autonomous Collaborative Combat aircraft (CCA), accelerating the testing and experimentation of their autonomous control systems with a pilot on board. Photo: Scaled Composites

Maiden Flight of the Model 437 Vanguard

Last week, Scaled Composites performed the first flight of its Model 437 Vanguard experimental aircraft, demonstrating Northrop Grumman’s digital pathfinder wings. The Model 437 Vanguard is a crewed variant of the original concept powered by a single Pratt & Whitney 535 engine with approximately 3,400 pounds of thrust. The aircraft has a wingspan of 41 feet and is 41 feet long with a gross takeoff weight of 10,000 pounds. Northrop Grumman defined, developed, built, and verified the removable wing assemblies using advanced digital tools and processes as part of their Digital Pathfinder effort. The aircraft will have a range of approximately 3000 nautical miles and an endurance of 6 hours. It can carry up to 2,000 pounds of payload in multiple locations, including an internal weapons bay sized to accommodate two AIM-120s. While flown by a pilot, the aircraft will likely serve as a testbed of collaborative combat aircraft, acting as a loyal wingman for other combat aircraft.

Allen Control’s Bullfrog remote-operated weapon station.

Allen Control Systems’ Bullfrog Counter-Drone System

Allen Control Systems (ACS) has successfully demonstrated its Bullfrog counter-drone robotic gun system at the U.S. Department of Defense Technology Readiness Experimentation 2024. The Bullfrog system autonomously performs a counter-drone kill chain capable of executing the full detect, track, identify, and defeat process. It integrates advanced software, computer vision, and AI with a standard machine gun to target and destroy drones.

New VTOL Drone from Attis Aviation

Israeli defense technology company Attis Aerospace Systems has announced the development of a new ROC unmanned aerial system (UAS) designed for Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) and forward flight missions. This innovative system aims to enhance the integration of VTOL UAVs into civilian and military airspace, addressing the growing demand for unmanned aircraft operations in various sectors. The ROC system is being developed to provide a comprehensive solution for remote piloting of VTOL UAVs, incorporating advanced features such as real-time situational awareness, secure communication links, and intuitive control interfaces. This technology is expected to improve the safety and efficiency of UAV operations, particularly in complex airspace environments. Attis Aerospace Systems’ initiative reflects the ongoing efforts in the aerospace industry to develop sophisticated control systems that can facilitate the seamless integration of unmanned aircraft into existing air traffic management frameworks, potentially opening up new applications for VTOL UAVs in both civilian and military domains.

The IDF has begun using the IAI Robodozer and M113 APC in remotely controlled vehicles in combat operations.

Israeli Remotely Controlled Armored Vehicles Debut in Combat

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have introduced a new capability by converting M113 armored personnel carriers and D-9 bulldozers into remote-controlled vehicles. This approach allows the IDF to operate these armored vehicles without putting personnel at risk, particularly in dangerous combat zones. The conversion process involves retrofitting the vehicles with remote control systems while maintaining the option for manned use when necessary.

For weekly more news by topic, refer to the following reports:

This Week’s Highlights from Defense Exhibitions

By

News Desk

-

Sep 5, 2024

egyptairshow — A group of military aircraft and drones from the UAE participating in the Egypt International Airshow 2024

MSPO 2024, Kielce, Poland

The Korean Hyundai Rotem company displayed the K2EX main battle tank at MSPO. This is a more advanced variant, equipped with the Trophy active protection system. Another tank version also appeared at MSPO, fitted with a soft kill countermeasure system utilizing warning sensors and directional smoke dispensers. Rak mortar with new M69 turret system mounted on the Borsuk chassis

HSW presented a model of the RAK mortar mounted on a Borsuk armored vehicle platform. This new configuration uses the modernized M69 turret with a lower profile. Until now, the RAK was mounted on a wheeled APC. With a tracked chassis, the Borsuk platform matches the needs of the Polish army’s armored and mechanized divisions.

Warmate 50 can strike targets at a 1000 km distance.

New Attack Drones from WB Group, Poland

The Polish WB Group unveiled several new loitering weapons and One-Way Attack (OWA) drones. The largest OWA developed in Poland is Warmate 50, capable of striking at distances over 1000 km. Another loitering weapon on display was the Warmate Z, equipped with an anti-tank warhead. Additionally, the tube-launched Warmate TL/R was displayed in two variants: reconnaissance and attack, mounted on the Lewiatan, a 6×6 unmanned wheeled platform. (read more)

PIAP Showcases a Casualty Evacuation Robot at MSPO

The Polish company PIAP displayed its IBIS robot in the transport and medical evacuation version at the MSPO 2024 expo. The 6-wheeled mobile platform uses adaptive suspension for offroad mobility. In place of the manipulator, the vehicle in this version carries a basket with a stretcher mount.

Egyptian International Airshow 2024, Al Alamain, Egypt

Egypt’s International Airshow is taking place at the new Al Alamein International Airport this week. The airshow highlights the country’s massive investments in aerospace and defense acquisitions, focusing on aircraft, missiles, UAS, and electronics. The event attracted impressive participation from China, Turkey, South Korea, the UAE, the USA and Europe. Chinese companies displayed the J-10 Bayi aerobatic team and Y-20 transport aircraft in flight. Chinese and South Korean fighter aircraft manufacturers, Turkish Aerospace Hurjet, Italian Leonardo group, and Czech Aerovoochody Aerospace, manufacturers of trainers, are seeking opportunities to sell trainer aircraft in Egypt and other African countries.

The Turkish Hurjet advanced jet trainer performed a flying display at the Egypt International Airshow 2024.

For weekly more news by topic, refer to the following reports:

WB Group Debuts Warmate 50 One Way Attack Drone at MSPO

By

News Desk

-

Sep 4, 2024

Polish defense technology company WB Group unveiled many new systems at the MSPO 2024 exhibition, emphasizing broadening its activities across many new fields. The company unveiled two new long-range drones: WARMATE 50, capable of carrying a payload weight of 50 kg and striking targets at distances up to 1000 km. The WARMATE 20 carries a 20 kg warhead to a range of several hundred kilometers. A new rotary-winged loitering weapon and ISR drone called X-Fronter. The 1.15kg drone can be hand-launched or thrown; it has semi-autonomous flight capabilities and can carry a payload of 35o gr, roughly the weight of a hand grenade.

The company also showcased the Lewiatan tube-launched Warmate TL-R reconnaissance and loitering missiles. Unlike first-generation Warmate variants, the TL / TL-R is configured as an encapsulated system, with the wings and V-tail open after the vehicle clears the launch tube.

WB Group also showcased the WARMATE Z variant at MSPO, which is equipped with an anti-tank warhead. The sensor is placed above the shaped charge warhead to prevent disturbance of the shaped charge flow.

Defense Update Weekly Report – 30.8.2024

By

News Desk

-

Aug 31, 2024

The following are recent defense updates from the previous week. A concise version of this report is also available in the Defense-Brief podcast.

Russia-Ukraine War. Back to top

Ukraine Tests First Domestically Produced Ballistic Missile, Experts Suggest Extended Range

Ukraine has successfully tested its first domestically produced ballistic missile, as announced at the “Ukraine 2024. Independence” forum. President Zelensky commended the Ukrainian defense industry for this achievement. While official details are undisclosed, defense experts speculate it may be a modified Hrim-2 (Thunder) missile with an extended range of 700-1000 km, significantly surpassing the original 450-500 km design. This development, coupled with the recent deployment of the long-range, jet-powered Palianytsia one-way attack (OWA) drone, underscores Ukraine’s efforts to enhance its offensive capabilities.

Ukraine Deploys F-16s for Missile Defense, Reports First Combat Loss

Ukraine has begun deploying F-16 fighter jets for air defense missions, primarily targeting cruise missiles and drones. President Volodymyr Zelensky confirmed this on August 27. The F-16s offer significant advantages over Soviet-era aircraft and even ground-based air defense systems in intercepting cruise missiles due to their advanced radar capabilities, mobility, and ability to operate above the radar horizon limitation. However, Ukraine reported its first F-16 loss on Thursday when one crashed while repelling a Russian air strike, resulting in the pilot’s death.

U.S. Air Force Unit Enhances Electronic Warfare Systems for F-16s Bound for Ukraine

The US Air Forces’ 350th Spectrum Warfare Wing’s 68th Electronic Warfare Squadron (EWS) has successfully reprogrammed PIDS+ electronic warfare systems embedded in weapons pylon. TERMA originally produced the system for F-16 fighter jets transferred from Denmark and the Netherlands to Ukraine. Working collaboratively with Danish and Norwegian counterparts, the 68th EWS adapted to unfamiliar systems and tight timelines to optimize the F-16s’ EW capabilities against evolving Russian threats. This effort, part of a broader initiative announced by U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, aims to enhance Ukraine’s electromagnetic warfare capabilities in its ongoing conflict with Russia.

U.S. Artillery Ammunition Production Surges but Still Lags Behind Wartime Demand

The United States is significantly increasing its 155mm artillery ammunition production, with monthly output expected to reach 80,000 rounds by fall 2024. Douglas Bush, chief of U.S. Army logistics, revealed this information in a Defense Acquisition magazine interview. This production rate far exceeds earlier projections, rising from 9,000 rounds per month in early 2022 to an estimated 70,000-75,000 by late summer 2024. Despite this rapid increase, demand still outpaces supply, particularly in the context of the Ukraine-Russia conflict, where Ukrainian forces reportedly use 15,000 artillery rounds of all types and calibers daily. In contrast, Russian forces use approximately 44,500, according to Chief of the Ukrainian Armed Forces, Oleksandr Syrskyi.

Norway Approves Artillery Ammunition Technology Transfer to Ukraine, Boosts Domestic Production

The Norwegian government has approved the transfer of Nammo defense technology to a Ukrainian firm to produce 155mm artillery shells in Ukraine. This move, supported by the Nansen Support Programme for Ukraine with a budget of 75 billion Norwegian kroner ($7.17 billion), aims to accelerate ammunition production for the Ukrainian Armed Forces and replenish Norwegian military stocks. Concurrently, Norway is financing an additional Nammo production line to significantly increase its artillery shell production capacity.

MSI Defense Solutions Delivers $34M EAGLS Counter-UAS Systems to U.S. Army

MSI Defense Solutions has delivered six EAGLS (Electronic Advanced Ground Launcher System) Counter-UAS systems to the U.S. Army, fulfilling a contract worth up to $34 million. This marks the first 70mm-centric Counter-UAS system the Department of Defense acquired for Army use. Initially valued at $24 million with options up to $34 million, the contract was awarded by Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) under the Rapid Acquisition Authority (RAA) in February 2024. The delivery, completed in July 2024, aims to support forward-deployed forces facing emerging and persistent Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) threats in the U.S. Central Command area of responsibility. The EAGLS system provides an adaptable, cost-effective, and mobile solution that can be employed in various environments and on multiple platform types, addressing the growing global UAS threat.

Land Warfare News Back to top

Javelin Joint Venture Secures Record $1.3B U.S. Army Contract, Boosting Production to Meet Global Demand

The U.S. Army has awarded the Javelin Joint Venture (JJV), a partnership between Raytheon and Lockheed Martin, a $1.3 billion contract for Javelin missiles and related equipment. This is the largest single-year Javelin production contract, following an indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity (IDIQ) contract awarded in May 2023. The contract aims to increase production to 3,960 All Up Rounds annually by late 2026, addressing growing global demand from over 25 international customers. Notably, the order includes more than 4,000 Javelins to replenish stocks sent to Ukraine and introduces Kosovo as a new international customer.

AeroVironment Wins $990M U.S. Army Contract for Switchblade Loitering Munitions

AeroVironment (AV) has secured a $990 million contract from the U.S. Army to supply Switchblade loitering munition systems. The 5-year Indefinite Delivery, Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract is part of the Army’s Directed Requirement for Lethal Unmanned Systems (LUS) aimed at equipping infantry battalions with man-portable loitering munitions. Deliveries are expected to begin within months, with the Switchblade systems offering enhanced precision, lethality against armored targets, and the ability to engage non-line-of-sight targets. This contract follows a previous LUS award to AV in December 2023.

Last month, AeroVironment (AV) announced plans to supply Switchblade 300 loitering munition systems to Taiwan in a potential $60.2 million foreign military sale approved by the U.S. Department of State. While significantly smaller than the recent $990 million U.S. Army contract, this export order represents an expansion of AV’s international presence and underscores the growing demand for loitering munition systems among U.S. allies.

Saab Secures $494 Million U.S. Army Contract for Next-Gen Shoulder-Launched Weapon

Saab Inc. in East Syracuse, New York, has been awarded a $494 million contract by the U.S. Army for the XM919 Individual Assault Munition (IAM). The contract is for a next-generation shoulder-launched weapon system designed to replace existing AT4 and Bunker Defeat Munition systems. The XM919 IAM, reportedly based on Saab’s AT4 Confined Space Tandem Warhead, can engage various targets, including light armor, bunkers, and reinforced structures with behind-the-wall lethality effect, up to 300 meters away.

General Dynamics Secures $322.7M Contract for M10 Booker Combat Vehicle Production

The U.S. Army has awarded General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) a $322.7 million contract for continued low-rate initial production of the M10 Booker Combat Vehicle, designed for Infantry Brigade Combat Teams. The M10 Booker, featuring a four-person crew, enhanced thermal viewer, and 105 mm cannon, is built to engage and destroy enemy combatants across various terrains. Multiple vehicles have already been delivered for testing, with work on this contract to be completed by October 20, 2026, across several U.S. locations.

Denmark to Equip 15 Piranha V Vehicles with Rheinmetall Skyranger 30 Air Defense System

Denmark plans to integrate Rheinmetall’s Skyranger 30 mobile air defense system onto 15 GDELS Piranha V 8×8 armored vehicles, enhancing its short-range air defense capabilities. The Skyranger 30, featuring a 30mm cannon and Hensoldt’s Spexer 2000M 3D MkIII radar, is designed to counter various threats, including small drones, with an effective range of up to 3,000 meters. This move is part of a broader European trend to strengthen air defense systems in response to recent conflicts.

Denmark Invests 1.35 billion Euros in 115 CV90 Infantry Fighting Vehicles from BAE Systems

Denmark has signed a contract with BAE Systems Hägglunds AB to purchase 115 CV90 infantry fighting vehicles for the Danish Army. The deal, valued at approximately 1.35 billion euros, will be fulfilled over five years. The CV90, developed in 1993, is a Swedish-made vehicle designed for infantry support in complex combat environments, featuring high mobility, powerful armament, and advanced defense systems. It is equipped with a 30mm or 35mm automatic cannon, machine guns, and ATGM systems and can operate in various climatic conditions. Denmark anticipates the delivery of the CV90 IFVs between 2025 and 2029. Earlier this year, Denmark joined Sweden and the Netherlands in donating older CV90s from their fleets to Ukraine.

Slovak EVA M2 6×6 Self-Propelled Artillery System Passes Critical Tests

KONŠTRUKTA-Defence, a Slovak defense manufacturer, has completed critical tests for its modernized 155mm EVA M2 6×6 self-propelled artillery system. The EVA M2, built on a TATRA chassis with an armored cabin and central tire inflation system, underwent live-fire and terrain navigation tests, demonstrating its structural strength and operational reliability. Featuring advanced automation, data transmission capabilities, and an integrated fire control system, the EVA M2 represents a significant upgrade in Slovakia’s artillery capabilities.

Danish ATMOS to get Excalibur Rounds

The latest was published on August 20. The DSCA approved a possible contract to deliver 339 M982A1 Excalibur rounds to the Danish Army for an estimated $121 million. This sum includes portable electronic fire control systems [PEFCS], technical assistance, and training. Denmark acquired ATMOS 2000 systems from Elbit Systems. However, this change should not pose any particular problems.

Otokar’s TULPAR Enters Polish Armored Vehicle Tender, Facing German and South Korean Rivals

Otokar’s TULPAR tracked armored vehicle competes in Poland’s armored combat vehicle tender, known as the ZMA tender. The competition aims to select a vehicle to support Poland’s Abrams tanks. TULPAR will face competitors from Germany (Rheinmetall’s Lynx) and South Korea (Hanwha Defense’s Redback ACV). Poland plans to equip the chosen vehicle with its domestically produced ZSSW-30 turret. The final decision is expected in 2024.

Aerospace News Back to top

Rollout of Poland’s First F-35A Husarz

The first F-35A destined for Poland rolled out at the Lockheed Martin production facility in Fort Worth, Texas, on August 28, 2024. The event marks a significant milestone in the Polish Air Force’s modernization efforts. Poland has ordered 32 F-35As, with the first aircraft (designated AZ-01) set to be delivered in December 2024. Initial pilot training will occur at Ebbing Air National Guard Base in Arkansas, where Poland will be the first international customer to conduct F-35 training.

Thai Air Force Selects Gripen E/F Jets in Fighter Modernization Program

The Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) has decided to procure JAS-39 Gripen E/F fighter jets, selecting them over the F-16 Block 70/72. Air Force Commander General Phanphakdee Phattanakul confirmed the selection committee’s choice on August 27. Initially, Thailand plans to purchase four new fighter jets with a budget of 19 billion baht (approximately 500 million euros) for the 2025 fiscal year, with the potential for a total order of twelve aircraft.

Serbia Bolsters Air Force with €2.7 Billion Rafale Fighter Jet Deal from France

Serbia has signed a contract to purchase 12 Rafale fighter jets from France’s Dassault Aviation for approximately 2.7 billion (currency unspecified). The deal, signed during French President Emmanuel Macron’s visit to Belgrade, includes nine single-seat and three two-seat jets to be delivered by 2029. Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić expressed gratitude for joining the “Rafale club,” while Macron emphasized the strategic importance of the agreement for Europe. The acquisition marks a significant shift for Serbia, which has traditionally relied on Russian military equipment.

Sierra Nevada Corporation Wins $991M Army Contract for Next-Gen Aerial ISR System HADES

The U.S. Army has selected Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC) as the lead system integrator for its High Accuracy Detection and Exploitation System (HADES). The contract, worth an initial $93.5 million with a potential ceiling of $991.3 million over 12 years, aims to significantly enhance the Army’s aerial intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities. HADES will replace the Army’s legacy RC-12X Guardrail turboprop aircraft fleet, offering increased speed, range, payload, and endurance. As the first Army-owned large-cabin business jets for aerial ISR, HADES prototypes are expected to provide global deployment within days, substantially improving over the current weeks-long transition period. SNC anticipates receiving the first of 14 government-furnished Bombardier Global 6500s for modifications in October or November, with plans to deliver the first HADES aircraft by January 2026. This modernization effort aligns with the Army’s 2030 operational imperatives and is designed to give U.S. forces an asymmetric advantage in large-scale and multi-domain operations.

Air Combat Command Receives First EA-37B Compass Call at Davis-Monthan AFB

The U.S. Air Combat Command (ACC) has taken delivery of its first EA-37B Compass Call aircraft at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona. The aircraft, designated 19-5591, arrived on August 23, 2024, and will be used for pilot training. Based on a modified Gulfstream G550 airframe, the EA-37B is a wide-area airborne electromagnetic attack weapon system that will replace the legacy EC-130H fleet.

The new platform offers increased range, speed, and agility, enhancing the Air Force’s electromagnetic attack capabilities against peer competitors. It is designed to deny, degrade, and disrupt adversary communications, information processing, navigation, radar systems, and radio-controlled threats. The EA-37B will be operated by the 55th Electronic Combat Group and flown by the 43rd Electronic Combat Squadron.

The Air Force plans to divest its EC-130H fleet, with nine of 14 retired aircraft. A second EA-37B is expected to be delivered to Davis-Monthan AFB by the end of 2024.

Unmanned Systems & Robotics News Back to top

Rheinmetall Clinches Top Prize for Autonomous Military Convoy at ELROB

Rheinmetall has won first place in the ‘Automated Convoy’ category at the European Land Robot Trial 2024 (ELROB) competition. The company’s InterRoc team, comprising Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH and Rheinmetall Canada Inc., successfully demonstrated their AI-supported PATH autonomy kit installed on two HX trucks. The convoy navigated a challenging 6 km circuit with various obstacles, including GPS-denied environments. The Research & Technology division of Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH from Unterlüß took part in this event for the first time as Team InterRoC in 2022 as part of the InterRoC project in the field of automated convoys. At that time, the team took 2nd place with an American autonomy kit provided by BAAINBw and integrated by Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH.

WB Group Debuts Versatile X-Fronter Mini-UAV for ISR and Combat Missions

Polish defense technology company WB Group will unveil a rotary-winged loitering weapon and ISR drone called X-Fronter. The 1.15kg drone can be hand-launched or thrown; it has semi-autonomous flight capabilities and can carry a payload of 35o gr, roughly the weight of a hand grenade. WB Group will showcase the X-Fronter at the MSPO defense exhibition in Kielce, Poland, next week.

Countering the UAS Threat

By

Tamir Eshel

-

Jun 27, 2024

Drone Dome Laser VEHICLE 1021 — The Drone Dome C-UAS system can be augmented by a high energy laser emitter that can be used against low flying drones at relatively close ranges. More powerful systems, like the Iron Beam, can engage drones and rockets at longer range. Photo: Rafael

The ongoing wars in Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and the Middle East have emphasized drones as a new and rapidly changing tool of warfare. First manifested in the US war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) drones, such as the MQ-9 Reaper, were famous for their ability to perform extended reconnaissance and rapidly close attack loops in hybrid and asymmetric warfare. Today, these large and expensive drones encounter difficulties surviving over contested areas encountered by Iranian-made radar-guided Sayyad-2 anti-aircraft surface-to-air missile (SAM) and Counter-UAS optimized optically guided missiles, such as the Iranian Saqr Type 358 UAS interceptor powered by a micro-turbine jet engine. Both have been used successfully against US and Israeli drones over Yemen and Lebanon.

Drone Usage in Recent Conflicts

In the Ukraine war, MALE drones cannot survive, but much smaller and cheaper tactical UAS, such as the Russian Z-16, manage to survive for longer missions, along with many types of one-way attack (OWA) drones widely used on both sides. When these drones operate on extended missions, they may not enjoy the freedom of action they had only months ago. The Ukrainians have recently begun to employ FPV drones to intercept fixed-wing surveillance drones using the FPV drone as a ‘hit to kill’ interceptor. Used against multirotor drones, other systems employ various means to disable the drone’s rotors, such as nets, traps, or nylon strips to entangle them.

In the Middle East, all participants use OWA drones widely. While most attacks launched from long ranges (Iraq, Syria, and Yemen) are repelled by Israel, the mountainous area of South Lebanon and the Galilee poses a challenge for the detection and interception of OWA drones launched by the Iranian proxy group Hezbollah. The Lebanese group has acquired much experience with the new weapons and directed many of the attacks against Israeli surveillance systems to blind Israeli sensors and capabilities to intercept those attacks. Initially, Israel was slow to react, but after several weeks, it managed to eliminate most of the suicide drones flown into Israel.

Challenges in Countering OWA Drones

Countering OWA drones is challenging, especially since they are ‘dark,’ meaning they operate automatically or autonomously without external guidance control. Moreover, as these targets get smaller and more maneuverable, they are even more difficult to detect, track, and engage.

Like air defenses, detection and early warning are the most challenging tasks. The most efficient sensors – radars are effective in flat and open terrain, but their coverage is limited and often degraded in mountainous or urban areas, necessitating augmentation by other means, such as electro-optical and thermal imagers. These sensors rely on deep learning and neural networks (artificial intelligence – AI) processing to identify drones based on a combination of signals, such as shape, rotation, and motion patterns, as target identifiers, ensuring that detected objects are drones.

Electro-Optical and Infrared Detection Systems

EO systems can support detecting and verifying UAS targets at extremely long ranges, particularly when engaging fixed-wing, high-flying drones detectable by radar but requiring tracking assistance from other systems. Controp recently introduced a comprehensive range of integrated EO/IR systems under the I-TACT product line for mobile, deployable, and fixed C-UAS and Air Defense applications. Optimized for spotting and tracking low-signature targets, the I-TACT line provides passive scanning, classification, and tracking of loitering drones at ranges from six to 40 km or small mini-drones at one to six kilometers. Controp offers I-TACT integration into existing optronic systems with the performance level required for Detection, Recognition, and Identification (DRI) at long range, or as part of new systems. Enhanced image processing capabilities improve the I-TACT system’s performance, allowing the system to focus on specific regions of interest in the picture to improve target recognition, automatic flight path prediction, and tracking, enabling users to improve UAS detection and engagement.

Third Eye Systems offers the integration of its TESSERACT aEYE deep learning neural network algorithm as an add-on for EO/IR imagers produced by other manufacturers. The algorithm upgrades any payload by adding AI-based analytic processing to enable drone detection, recognition, and tracking in the sky. One of the applications is the vEYE system, which is employed on manned and unmanned ground vehicles to improve situational awareness. The IDF has been using the systems in the recent war, enabling the developers to gain extensive experience in drone-operated and counter-UAS activities.

Elbit Systems has integrated COMINT, EO, and EW systems into a mobile C-UAS system, which can also be integrated with a mobile radar and a weapon station. Photo: Elbit Systems

Counter-UAS Systems

Counter-UAS (C-UAS) missions can be achieved by electronic warfare (‘soft kill’) or by kinetic means (‘hard kill’). Systems relying on soft kill often employ several layers of engagement, attempting to jam or spoof the drone’s navigation systems or active jamming targeting the drone’s control channels. Both require rapid electronic scanning to identify the drone’s operating frequencies and electronic signature to proceed with an effective attack. Such systems should also be agile to track any changes the enemy has made to evade countermeasures. Several Israeli developers have fielded advanced land-based and mobile C-UAS systems to counter drone attacks. These include IAI with its Drone Guard, Elbit Systems with the ReDrone, and RAFAEL fielding the Drone Dome.

Traditional active counter-drone detection methods, such as radars, can be detected by electronic surveillance, exposing the sensor’s position to the enemy. Employing signals intelligence means passively providing the same service without revealing the sensor’s position. Unlike systems that rely on radar and EO/IR for detection, tracking, and identification, the new generation of C-UAS systems relies on passive Radio Frequency (RF) sensing and protocol recognition to detect, track, and engage rogue drones. Independent of an active radar or line of sight for EO/IR sensors, these new systems can better handle complex urban areas and operate in an RF-saturated environment with minimal interference.

D-Fend EW C-UAS and the PITBULL remote weapon station are integrated into this armored truck to provide a combined soft and Hhrd Kill element in Resources Industries’ C-UAS solution seen here on the Czech Patriot II armored vehicle. Photo: Defense-Update

Soft-Kill EW Solutions

Israel’s C-UAS specialist D-Fend offers the EnforceAir 2 C system configured in a backpack, vehicular, or mast mount to protect a fixed site. The core of the system is the Cyber SDR hardware packing multiple receivers for real-time scanning and processing, with advanced RF Cyber technology feeding multiple transmitters and advanced antennae that optimize radiation and throughput to deliver the highest volume and weight ratio performance.

Another company providing integrated RF-Cyber C-UAS solutions is Sentrics. Their system can detect multiple targets simultaneously, even under GPS spoofing or jamming, often used to distract drones. Sentrics also monitors each drone’s position and heading, locating their coordinates and their controller’s last known location. It also reports the drone’s vendor, type, and serial number for commercial drones. For the mitigation part, the system can employ jamming to disconnect the drone from the controller and bring it to a safe altitude and a safe landing in designated areas or employ ‘smart disconnect’ resulting in the drone entering “Hover until it dies” mode or “Return home”, according to the way the drone was programmed.

The lightweight, remotely controlled Smash AD uses powerful video processing for target tracking and fire control. Photo: Smartshooter

Tactical Solutions for Front-line Units

However, while protocol-based mitigation effectively engages rogue commercial drones, the ground forces at the front line cannot rely only on specialized air-defense assets, especially when engaged by suicide drones or improvised First-Person View (FPV) drones, which are commonly used in the Ukrainian war but have not yet appeared by the terrorist groups in the Middle East. A tactical unit or individual being attacked by such weapons should be able to defend themselves using every means. The SMASH weapon sight developed by Smartshooter provides such capability. Mounted on the rifle, machine gun, or remote weapon station, SMASH enables users to independently identify targets or leverage detection system guidance for precision locking. Harnessing Artificial Intelligence, computer vision, and advanced algorithms to track and track the target assigned by the user. SMASH tracks the target movements and synchronizes the shot release when the line of fire aligns with the correct ballistics to ensure an accurate hit.

Non-Lethal Countermeasures

Non-lethal countermeasures are employed against surveillance drones or those flying over civilian areas. Such means may include capturing quadcopters with arresting gear, as the Goshawk from Robotican performed. This six-rotor C-UAS vehicle can be deployed to augment the security system of a strategic site. Once a drone is detected, the Goshawk is scrambled to intercept it. Its autonomous flight and targeting capability include in-flight target detection, tracking, lock and seek. For the end game, Goshawk employs an arresting net to interrupt the rotor blades and catch the targeted drone, thus preventing the risk of the drone hitting the ground with explosives.

Further Reading:

Defense-UpdateMilitary Technology & Defense News

Defense-UpdateMilitary Technology & Defense News

Reconnaissance and Surveillance

Combat Wingman

Assault Capabilities

Collaborative Combat Vehicle

Ukrainian Forces and Russian Laser Threats

Ukraine and Russia Use Drones with Incendiary Payloads

Azerbaijan to Buy Chinese JF-17 armed them with Turkish Air/Air Missiles

General Atomics’ EagleEye Enters Production

Maiden Flight of the Model 437 Vanguard

Main topics in this report

Russia-Ukraine War. Back to top

Land Warfare News Back to top

Aerospace News Back to top

Unmanned Systems & Robotics News Back to top

Drone Usage in Recent Conflicts

Challenges in Countering OWA Drones

Electro-Optical and Infrared Detection Systems

Counter-UAS Systems

Soft-Kill EW Solutions

Tactical Solutions for Front-line Units

Non-Lethal Countermeasures

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