INNOTECH 2021 – Israel’s International Cyber, Homeland Security Technologies, and Innovation event will take place on 17-18 November 2021 in Tel Aviv Israel. The in-person, two-day event includes an exhibition with national pavilions and more than 150 companies, accompanied by, an outstanding conference where Brig. Gen. (res.) Dr. Danny Gold, Head, DDR&D (MAFAT), the R&D directorate of the Israel Ministry of Defense will deliver the keynote address, followed by thought-provoking panel discussions. Defense-Update is proud to be a Media Partner of Innotech 2021. We will provide on-site coverage of the event on Defense-Update and Defense-Brief, our new Podcast series.
Due to the growing cyber and HLS challenges – such as critical infrastructures, municipal cyber and intelligence challenges, smart cities, smart transportation, cloud security, communications, terrorist attacks, public security threats, as well as criminal actions and natural disasters – municipalities, districts, and states have
been looking for innovative and ground-breaking technological solutions.
The COVID-19 pandemic has only emphasized the importance of technological innovation in the development of a rapid response to every evolving crisis and substantially accelerated digital processes.
At iHLS INNOTECH you will be able to showcase your advanced technologies, meet the startups operating in this technological arena, take a firsthand look at the innovative technologies currently being developed, and meet your own business arena: industry leaders, decision-makers, experts, entrepreneurs, customers, and partners.
iHLS INNOTECH 2021 provides the perfect forum for presenting the latest technological innovations in the field, effectively meeting the needs of the sector as a whole and addressing current threats.
The thousands of guests, hundreds of companies, and startups will get a close look at the Israeli ecosystem of cyber and HLS technologies.
Iran is intensifying drone attacks in the region, directed against rival forces including the US, Saudi, and Emiratis as well as at civilian ships in the Gulf. Most targets are still unprotected and suffer significant damage and sometimes casualties under such attacks. Aware of the risk of UAS and loitering weapons for many years, Israel has developed effective countermeasures which are now being considered by its allies in the region.
The US Army is deploying one of the new Iron Dome batteries to Guam, to be tested as part of the Island’s defense against cruise missiles. This deployment is far away from the hot spots in Syria and Iraq, where US forces suffer repeated attacks and could use Iron Dome’s combat-proven capabilities to defeat missiles and drone attacks.
New Armored Fighting Vehicles (AFV) are equipped with turrets that not only mount the main weapon systems but add many new features, including optronics, battle management, active protection, guided missiles, and drones. Our podcast discusses the trends and future of such systems.
HevenDrones, an Israeli developer of heavy drones announced an alliance with US-based Plug Power (NASDAQ: PLUG), for the development and commercialization of hydrogen fuel-cell-powered heavy-lift drones and related support equipment and infrastructure required for their operation. Together, the companies plan to provide an integrated solution to power and refuel HevenDrones’ next-generation fleet with the key objective of providing extended flight times and range.
HevenDrones is developing such drones under the Israel Ministry of Defense Directorate of Defense Research and Development (DDR&D). The company designs its own proprietary operating systems and is the exclusive company selected by the Israeli Ministry of Defense to develop a customized fleet of hydrogen-fueled drones.
Bringing together HevenDrones capabilities in developing and manufacturing actionable heavy lift drones with Plug Power’s fuel cell stack technology and systems capabilities, the companies aim to develop hydrogen-powered drones of varying sizes capable of lifting heavy weights and flying for extended periods of time. HevenDrones’ proprietary stabilizing technology provides the capability to lift and move heavy and unbalanced and kinetic loads with applications across a variety of industries and markets.
The H100 Octocopter can carry up to 45 kg of payload, mounted on top or carried underneath. Photo: HevenDrones
This initiative is part of Plug Power’s strategy to bring its proven hydrogen ProGen fuel cell technology to new markets through engaging leaders in industries such as commercial aviation, aerospace, and now drones. The joint alliance is an important milestone for HevenDrones, which is already a leader in designing and producing heavy-lift and extended flight time drones. By leveraging the expertise of Plug Power’s technology, HevenDrones will dramatically enhance the capabilities of its proprietary heavy-lift actionable drone systems and open new markets and applications for its fleet of drones.
HevenDrones currently offers three versions of heavy lift drones, the Urban Heven, with 50 min. flight time lifting a payload of 10 kg payload, the H100 carrying a maximum payload of 45 kg on a 40 min., and the H250, capable of lifting a payload of 120 kg (250 lbs.) for 30 minutes. It is designed to lift highly unbalanced payloads and is small enough to operate from a pickup truck.
The effort will also include additional scopes of work to provide an entire hydrogen ecosystem, including, hydrogen supply, infrastructure, fueling, and refueling for drone applications. The carbon-free and eco-conscious hydrogen system will incorporate a lightweight Plug Power ProGen-based hydrogen fuel cell stack specifically designed for drone applications. In addition to the extended range and flight times, the hydrogen-powered drones will also positively contribute to the environment and set standards in clean energy drone transportation.
This initiative comes as Plug Power is significantly growing its aerospace fuel cell system capabilities, in line with the company’s vertical integration strategy. As part of this effort, Plug Power is expanding its ProGen platform for additional aerospace applications, including drones, UAVs, and aircraft with different weight restrictions and other unique requirements.
Through the 2019 acquisition of Montreal, Canada-based EnergyOr, Plug Power added fuel cells technology for UAVs to its wide product portfolio. Its systems have set several world records for endurance flights through the use of EnergyOr’s innovative and proprietary fuel cell technology. In March of 2015, EnergyOr powered the world’s first fuel cell multirotor UAV, and the technology was later used in conjunction with the French Air Force’s Centre d’ Expertise Aérienne Militaire (CEAM). In December 2015, the H2Quad 400 was developed, becoming the first fuel cell quadrotor in the world to operate outdoors in a real-world environment.
Eitan 8X8 APC will soon enter production in Israel. Photo: IMOD
Israel’s Project Carmel entered the second phase of development last week, selecting Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) as the lead industry to develop, integrate and demonstrate the next-generation combat vehicle and its advanced autonomy capabilities.
Following the Iranian effort to equip their proxy groups with loitering weapons, Israel is spending great efforts to deny the supply of such weapons to terror groups operating close to its borders. According to the foreign press, Israel has repeatedly attacked Iranian facilities in T4 in eastern Syria, where Iran has set up assembly and training activities, for operators of such weapons.
As technological innovations leap forward, so too do the threats that combat teams must contend with. In response, modern armies have begun utilizing the latest technologies, including automation, robotics, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to augment warfighters’ capabilities and facilitate the continual improvement of combat system effectiveness to defeat current and future challenges.
In support of this effort, the Israeli Ministry of Defense (IMoD) R&D Directorate initiated the Carmel Project with the purpose of challenging local defense companies to demonstrate their concepts for the integration of automation and robotics into a combat vehicle. Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) has leveraged its rich technological heritage and culture of innovation to develop the Carmel Demonstrator, which advanced new solutions that redefine the capabilities and concepts for the Future Ground Combat Vehicle (FGCV).
With its proven track record in the design, development, and integration of a broad range of advanced sensors and systems, IAI’s ELTA Systems Group has initiated a new FGCV concept that transforms today’s human-centric weapon systems by leveraging sensor fusion, vehicle autonomy, and artificial intelligence to deliver autonomous mobility, situational awareness, and lethality. The FGCV enables the performance of complex tasks with little or no human involvement, which in turn empowers the human crew to do much more with the available resources.
The FGCV transforms combat vehicles with advanced sensors and automated controls embedded in a ‘man-machine interface,’ much like that of a fighter jet’s cockpit, demonstrating the feasibility of two soldiers conducting complex combat operations under closed hatches. The concept successfully integrated technical capabilities that serve to enhance the mission efficiency of the IDF’s maneuvering forces. The demonstrated Carmel platform is based on the company’s family of autonomous core systems and robotic vehicles.
Specifically, the core was the Athena AI-driven autonomous mission computer. The solution also employed the tried and tested Autonomous Maneuverability and Navigation Kit, a platform-agnostic system that supports various levels of autonomy and installs on small to large wheeled and tracked vehicles, preserving the dual-use as a manned/unmanned platform.
The solution incorporates safety features that enable the autonomous vehicle to operate among conventional maneuvering forces. To date, the system has been integrated into numerous robotic and optionally manned vehicles. Among the capabilities demonstrated were real-time route planning and autonomous driving, enabling the FGCV to respond to the planned route, terrain, and threat – just as the manned crew would do. This function frees crew members to focus on understanding the situational awareness picture and manage the weapons, leaving mobility and driving to the machine.
Autonomy of other automated tasks aided the crew and reduced workload under combat conditions. The system employed multi-task radars and fire source locators to provide early warning from anti-tank threats and enable the vehicle to escape harm. These sensors also facilitated the detection and tracking of drones, vehicles, and humans, and performed Blue Force Tracking (BFT). Additional demonstrated capabilities include the deployment of a drone and LOS and NLOS fire systems.
The concept continues to evolve, assuming more autonomous functions across multiple platforms and fusing distributed sensors into a unified situational awareness. Central to this effort is IAI’s exclusive AUTOMISSION technology, which delivers a very high level of autonomy by using adaptive Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) techniques that constantly evolve through operational deployment, just like that of human crewmembers. Furthermore, the Athena mission computer’s distributed design enables capabilities to be effectively networked under unified mission management.
All of this empowers a small number of human operators to control multiple robots and drones, enabling them to undertake missions usually performed by much larger conventional forces and to perform several missions simultaneously.
The FGCV demonstrates IAI/ELTA’s ability to deliver innovative tools that provide a new level of flexibility, resilience, and survivability to field units, improving the maneuverability, situational awareness, and lethality of each element and the entire formation as a whole. It also confirms the company’s ability to contribute proven capabilities and technologies for the benefit of the important Next Generation Fight Vehicle (NGFV) Program.
Unmanned aerial systems have become an essential component of military operations in the modern age. They performed intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions, carrying electro-optical/infra-red (EO/IR), radar, and signals intelligence sensors. With the improvement of data-links, enabling command and control in real-time, they also support Target Acquisition and Battle Damage Assessment (BDA), providing precise and efficient engagement of targets.
In the past, only the relatively large UAS were able to carry and operate the payloads necessary to support those missions. In recent years, the miniaturization of electronics and optronics systems and the availability of high-density batteries enable those missions to enable much smaller UAS to carry out most of those missions.
Unlike the larger and heavier drones that operate like manned aircraft and are bound to airfields or other complex launch and retrieval systems, small UAS are optimized to work and support operators at the tactical level. They can move with the forces, deploy from any terrain, including operations at sea, and interface smoothly with the tactical command and control network.
Controp M-STAMP Multi-Sensor Payload mounted on Aeronautics Orbiter UAV
Mini and Tactical UAS
Aeronautics’ Orbiter family of Mini UAS (MUAS) and Small Tactical UAS (STUAS) is designed specifically for tactical applications. These UAS are maintained as organic assets with battalions and companies, and operate reliably and independently with a minimal logistical footprint backpack, vehicular or trailer mounted configurations, delivering critical real-time intelligence to the user.
Aeronautics designed its flying-wing-shaped unmanned aircraft with a blended wing-body that minimizes drag and maximizes lift to support extended missions and maintain a long-endurance, high dash, and slow loiter speed. The sleek flying machines use electrical propulsion for a fast, smooth flight, even under rough weather conditions. The wing shape and silent propulsion result in a low visual and acoustic signature, enabling the platform to operate over enemy territory unnoticed.
The chin-mounted payload has an unobstructed view forward, sideways, and downward, offering a simple and intuitive control of the payload and platform. The platform provided the lift to carry a significant load relative to the platform size, enabling efficient ground handling in the field. Recovery at the end of the mission relies on a parachute and airbag, enabling deployment on any terrain.
The flight and mission control system utilize the proprietary The system is operated and controlled by the Aeronautics proprietary Multi Operation Aerial Vehicle (MOAV) software, an advanced interface developed in-house, designed to serve a range of unmanned platforms. It is compliant with several NATO interfaces, including STANAG 4609 for interface and STANAG 4586 for UAS control, and H.246 for video streaming.
By combining multi-sensor systems on single or multiple platforms, users can merge EO/IR, radar, cellular interception, and electronic surveillance to support tactical missions, develop clear situational awareness for the troops.
An Orbiter II being prepared for the flight. Photo: Noam Eshel, Defense-Update
Orbiter 2 – a compact, combat-proven man-portable mini-UAV, designed for operation by the tactical level, providing the warfighter real-time intelligence gathering surveillance and target acquisition and reconnaissance. Orbiter 2 is prepared for an automatic takeoff from a pneumatic catapult in only seven minutes and can fly for four hours on a mission. It can operate covertly in GPS-contested airspace and encrypted, frequency hopping datalink to support full-intensity warfare missions. It can also work at low-intensity warfare, counter-insurgency operations, and urban warfare, supporting Homeland Security (HLS) missions in border protection or maritime surveillance.
Orbiter 2 was designed to host many payloads at the baseline, offering versatile mission capabilities at the tactical edge. It operates day and night with the Controp M-STAMP multi-sensor EO/IR payload, performs persistent surveillance video motion detection missions with STAMP-VM. Photogrammetric mapping & 3D modeling missions use Rafael’s HD-Lite system while acting stand-in electronic attack would employ the Woodpecker EW jammer system from Netline. These are only a few of the tasks carried out by Orbiter 2.
Orbiter 1K is a combat-proven loitering weapon based on the Orbiter 2 Mini UAV. It is fitted with an explosive charge replacing the EO/IR payload at the front. Photo: Aeronautics.
Orbiter 1K – The combat-proven Orbiter 1K is a loitering munition platform based on Orbiter 2. The main difference between the two is introducing a fuselage adaptor carrying an explosive payload at the front end of the fuselage. The platform has a miniature EO/IR payload with a video tracker and a warhead weighing 1-2 kg in this configuration. A catapult also launches orbiter 1K. The system can be operated with a medium-range RF module to support analog or digital communications over 100 km range.
Other variants of Aeronautics’ flying wing design are Orbiter 3 and 4. These are larger and heavier platforms capable of performing extended missions inside enemy territory and operate multiple payloads simultaneously, supporting a military force at the tactical and operational level.
Orbiter 3 is a runway independent tactical small UAV that offers the capabilities of large UAVs. Photo: Aeronautics
Orbiter 3 uses electric propulsion and is optimized for covert missions, supporting up to 7 hours of operation, carrying payloads up to 5 kg in weight, including multi-sensor stabilized EO payloads with integrated laser target-designation systems. It can also carry a cellular interception payload for electronic surveillance missions. Electrical propulsion allows users to operate quietly and undetected inside contested airspace and carry out special missions such as stand-in signals intelligence and electronic warfare. The Orbiter 3 STUAS is fitted with an encrypted digital datalink, supporting an operational radius of 150 km.
Aeronautics shows the Orbited 3 configured to carry an internal cellular COMINT payload. Photo: Defense-Update
Orbiter 4 Slightly larger and almost twice heavier, Orbiter 4 uses a compact internal combustion engine to support 24-hour missions, flying up to 18,000 ft above ground. It has a much larger payload capacity, carrying 12 kg, compared to 5 kilograms of its electrically powered sibling. Both can carry multiple payloads, while Orbiter 4 can operate both payloads simultaneously, the T-STAMP-XR EO/IR in front and another load tucked in a fuselage bay. This can be a maritime search or synthetic aperture radar, electronic surveillance, or cellular interception payload.
With advanced image processing capabilities, automatic takeoff and recovery, and the ability to navigate with and without GPS and data link, Orbiter 4 delivers the capabilities of larger tactical platforms at a much smaller cost. Airstrip independent and operated by three personnel Orbiter 4 carries a small logistical footprint.
T-STAMP-XR multi-sensor payload mounted on the Orbiter4 STUAS. Photo: Aeronautics
Maritime Capabilities
While all Orbiters can operate from the deck of naval vessels, including small boats with limited deck space, it is the Orbiter 4 that excels in this mission, for its versatile multi-payload capability of up to 12 kg and prolonged endurance of more than 24 hours, with an operational radius of 150 km. With its ease-of-use, low logistical footprint, and a small crew of 3 personnel, this runway-free aircraft suits all operational needs on land and at sea. Due to its open architecture and lean infrastructure demand, the Orbiter 4 can be specially adjusted for operation on any naval vessel, including small patrol boats.
The primary payload for this platform is Controp’s advanced STAMP-XR electro-optic payload. The T-STAMP-XR payload provides UAVs and aircraft with the image quality of large UAV payloads all in one miniature camera system. A secondary payload may be a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Among the different payloads area maritime patrol radar (MPR) and cellular interception modules, supporting naval surveillance, search and rescue operations over the land and sea, and satellite communications terminal. The cellular interception sensor allows Orbiter 4 to conduct ISR missions over different theaters exploiting the communication activity of the targets.
Among the maritime missions assumed by the Orbiter 4 are Deep-sea and coastal surveillance, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), and Offshore facilities security. Other naval tasks support littoral and brown water operations, including ship self-defense, target acquisition for precision-guided weapons, gunfire direction, and BDA, similar to its role over land.
Summary
When multirotor drones are becoming a common ISR provider at the lowest tactical unit level, military forces require different means to obtain ISR at a long range. These warfighters must be able to see tens of kilometers away, acquiring targets and threats within reach of current and future weapon systems. Operating reliably and sustainably at these ranges, the Orbiter family of STUAS offers extended mission range and endurance, high dash speed, quickly reaching the area of operation, and mission endurance of many hours o a mission. A high level of autonomy, sophisticated communications, and datalinks are required to overcome interference and line-of-sight obstructions to ensure uninterrupted intelligence transfer to the user.
Israel’s Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. unveiled today the Sea Breaker, a 5th generation long-range, autonomous, precision-guided missile system, enabling significant attack performance against a variety of high-value maritime and land targets. Rafael foresees Sea Breaker as a multi-domain weapon system capable of delivering lethal effects as an anti-ship, land-attack, coastal defense, and surface-to-surface cruise missile.
The need for versatile and advanced naval missiles has emerged since most countries have access to weapons and capabilities previously reserved for superpowers. Today platforms and weapons face advanced threats manifested in large missile-protected airspaces known as A2AD deployed by enemy naval task forces on hips, along the coastlines and inland. Those arrays defend strategic targets in-depth, with air defense and surface attack missiles maintaining effective barriers over hundreds of kilometers, forcing an attacker to launch attacks from hundreds of miles away, using heavy, sophisticated, and expensive weapon systems. Using conventional means, such attacks are often detected and defeated effectively from long range, leading to devastating retaliatory attacks against the naval force that launched the attack.
Other challenges are warfare in the grey zone, where an irregular adversary may threaten the freedom of navigation and movement with weapons emplaced in a crowded urban environment, where attacks against those assets risk unacceptable collateral damage.
With Sea Breaker, Rafael enables modern navies to address the challenges posed by enemy A2AD and grey zone warfare. To avoid such consequences, navies seek advanced, unorthodox capabilities to surprise and overmatch an adversary from a distance, with a high probability of success. According to Rafael, Sea Breaker enables such an edge by employing a smart, agile and lethal naval weapon system that can deliver coordinated and scalable attacks on highly defended naval and land targets with a high probability of success. The missiles can successfully operate in littoral or brown water, including archipelago and engagements in which previous generation RF-seeker-based missiles were ineffective.
Sea Breaker can be programmed to perform coordinated attacks from different directions and strike at specific points of vulnerability to inflict maximum damage or limited damage to enable scalable effects. Illustration: Rafael
Unlike in the past, when sea/sea missiles were based on the radar for target seekers, today, many new anti-ship missiles use EO/IIR seekers. While earlier generation EO/IR has suffered from limited visibility in harsh weather conditions, Sea Breaker fuses different sensing modes, combining inertial navigation, Imaging Infra-Red (IIR), terrain profile matching (TERPROM), and scene matching to provide a reliable and accurate navigation solution in all weather conditions.
The powerful processing unit also supports automatic acquisition (ATA) and recognition (ATR) of stationary and moving targets, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) trained to process Big Data resources obtained by the seeker to separate the targets from the noise collected by the missile’s sensors. This process allows Sea Breaker to overcome the challenges of weather and countermeasures. According to Rafael, their technology is two generations ahead of the competition, as it has evolved for five generations on various missiles the company has developed. Moreover, the Sea Breaker’s efficient targeting system can perform in complex environments is unmatched by most radars, which are challenged in crowded and littoral environments.
The missile uses a high level of autonomy utilizing the IIR sensor to perform TERPROM and scene matching to navigate brown water and littorals at low and high speeds. Illustration: Rafael
[wlm_ismember]The new missile uses an advanced electro-optical imaging infrared sensor seeker supporting both navigation functions and targeting of stationary and moving targets. The missile uses a high level of autonomy utilizing the IIR sensor to perform TERPROM and scene matching for navigation overland, with an Inertial Measurement System (IMS) to navigate over an open sea area. The combination provides the capability to fly terrain-following over land, and sea-skimming over the sea, at very low altitude and high speed, allowing the missile to evade detection by radar and other means of early-warning until it gets close to its target.
Modern Naval Missiles – Comparison
While having an advanced Global Positioning System (GPS)-Anti-Jam system onboard, Sea Breaker does not rely on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for primary navigation. It is therefore immune to spoofing and other means of electronic warfare. Unlike many other anti-ship missiles that use an active radar for terminal homing, Sea Breaker relies on an IIR seeker for targeting and, therefore, operates in a ‘silent attack’ mode that is immune to the majority of conventionally used countermeasures such as chaff, jamming, smoke, and flares.
Using Artificial Intelligence, Sea Breaker performs deep-learning and big data-based scene-matching, a unique combat-proven Rafael technology, enabling Automatic Target Acquisition (ATA) and Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). The system has full operational capability in GNSS-denied arenas and all weather conditions. The missile is ECM immune and jam-resilient. Based on predefined attack plans, according to waypoints, azimuth, impact angle, and aim point selection, along with the ability to plan and carry out coordinated attacks from multiple directions, Sea Breaker assures a high probability of mission success. The missile’s datalink supports real-time man-in-the-loop decision-making and tactical updates. It also features a mid-flight abort capability and Battle Damage Assessment (BDA).
According to Rafael, the Sea Breaker’s targeting system that can perform in complex environments is outmatches most radars, which are challenged in crowded and littoral environments. Illustration: Rafael
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The Sea Breaker is a compact missile less than four meters long that weighs less than 400 Kg and packs a 113 kg (250 lbs.) warhead. The missile uses a booster rocket and turbojet sustainer to fly up to 300 km (nm) following a preplanned attack trajectory. It has cruciform tail rudders for steering at loads up to five Gs and wings that fold out after launch to generate the lif that supports the cruising phase. A small jet turbine sustains the flight at a high subsonic speed throughout the missile’s preplanned trajectory. According to Rafael, the warhead is designed to deliver enhanced effects, penetration, blast, and fragmentation effects equivalent to a 500 lb (226 kg) Mk-82 bomb, making a single hit effective enough to neutralize a frigate-sized ship.
The missile will be launched from naval platforms, varying in size, from fast attack missile boats to corvettes and frigates. The land version employs Rafael’s highly mobile SPYDER air defense missile units mounting six Sea Breaker launcher canisters. The land-based variant is identical to the naval missile and is poised to become a central part of a shore defense. According to the customer requirements, the coastal missile system in a battery architecture supports standalone launchers, or operation as an integrated solution, with a Command and Control Unit (CCU), various sensors, technical section, and reloading units.
For the launch of its marketing campaign Rafael focuses on small and medium ships and land vehicles as the platforms for Sea Breaker. In the future, more options will likely be considered to support evolving naval warfare concepts of unmanned ships and submarines. Sea Breaker is currently at an advanced development phase and has raised interest with several potential customers, likely nations located at the South China Sea. Some of those nations would be potential candidates for this versatile weapon and already operate Rafael’s Spyder air defense systems.
Israel’s Ministry of Defense (IMOD) has recently completed a series of tests in which an airborne, high-power laser weapon system (HPL-WS) prototype intercepted multiple aerial targets in quick succession. Elbit Systems developed the system under the high-power laser program led by the Directorate of Defense R&D (DDR&D) at the IMOD. This game-changing series was conducted in a testing field in the center of Israel, in close cooperation with Israel’s Air Force flight test center, “Yanat.”
An HPL was installed on a light aircraft during the test series and was tested in several scenarios. It successfully intercepted and destroyed all of the targets that were launched throughout the test. Some of the targets were Elbit System’s own Sky-Striker loitering weapons. The targets were intercepted at various ranges and flight altitudes, about 3,000 ft. above sea level. The test series is the first phase in a multi-year program led by the Directorate of Defense R&D and Elbit Systems to develop a laser system against a variety of long-range threats.
While the HPL-WS prototype has demonstrated the first step in the intercept of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), the new capability will be able to engage more challenging targets. “We believe in the use of a high-power laser to carry out low-cost airborne interception of rockets and hostile unmanned aircraft, closer to their launching areas and away from population centers. It offers a significant change in Israel’s defense capabilities. Oren Sabag, General Manager of Elbit Systems ISTAR, said.
Several targets were downed by the laser during the recent test series. Photo: IMOD.Israel is among the few countries able to demonstrate this groundbreaking capability. Previous demonstrations involved laser weapon payloads developed under US technology demonstration programs and performed by HPL integrated on C-130 transport aircraft, MQ-9 drones, and AH-64E attack helicopters.
The objective HPL-WS will be able to augment Counter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar (C-RAM) capabilities such as the Iron Dome. By destroying enemy rockets at a much lower cost per kill, compared to the Iron Dome’s Tamir guided interceptor missiles that cost tens of thousands of dollars per intercept, HPL-WS challenges the asymmetric rockets threat with a competitive battle economy of only a few dollars per kill. According to preliminary assessments, when the HPL-WS reaches full capacity, it will return the investment within few days of high-intensity battles as experienced during the recent operation ‘Guardians of the Walls’. By destroying many of the rockets fired at Israel using low-cost laser as a first line of defense, Tamir missile interceptors will be saved to intercept the few rockets that will manage to evade the first laser ‘fence’.
The HPL-WS was installed on a light aircraft that engaged multiple drone targets from distance of 1,000 meters, about 3,000 ft above the sea. Photo: IMOD.The key to this capability is the airborne laser operating the HPL-WS high above the ground. Cloud covers, humidity, dust, and turbulences often scatter the laser beams and limit the effectiveness of ground-based laser weapons. The airborne HPL-WS will engage rockets tens of kilometers away, closer to their launch point. Being able to destroy targets in quick succession, the system will reduce the risk of rockets leaking through the air defense screen and enable C-RAM to deal with the rockets risking populated targets in point defense. To deliver this performance, the system will be scaled up to fit on a large aircraft that will be able to loiter above the battlespace and engage rockets in every direction. The system will locate rocket launches, lock on the targets as they ascend on their trajectory, aim and hit the target’s most vulnerable parts (often these are the energetic components – warhead and fuel.
The airborne HPS-WS will complement Israel’s multi-tier missile defense array by introducing low-cost first-tier defense, including the Iron Dome, David’s Sling, and Arrow missile interceptor systems. This system will increase the effectiveness of air defense against existing and future threats in the region. Airborne laser has the advantage of providing a reliable upper layer.
The method of airborne interception by laser offers significant advantages over land-based intercepts, for its low cost per intercept and the ability to position the airborne laser platform above clouds, where they will be able to engage rockets within the enemy area or close to the border, overcoming weather limitations and atmospheric disturbance.
“We successfully intercepted several UAVs in the air, within a range of more than 1km.” Brig. Gen. Yaniv Rotem, Head of Research and Development in the DDR&D, said. “This is a groundbreaking technological achievement, and it is critical for further development of our airborne High-Power Laser System,” Rotem added. The airborne system in eight to 10 years, Rotem said, adding that in another decade, it is hoped that such a system could destroy targets hundreds of kilometers away.
Rotem said that in a few years the ministry aims to build a laser with a power of 100 kilowatts that will have an effective range of 20 km. The ministry is aiming for an operational system by 2024 to be deployed at the Gaza border area for shooting down rockets Rotem said the ground 100 kW system will also be able to destroy targets at a range of 8-10 km.
The miniature THOR multirotor drone is designed specifically for military missions. It is smart, quiet, carries relatively heavy payloads (for its size) and can operate autonomously or under operator supervision at an extended range. Photo: Elbit Systems
Terror organizations in Gaza have fired heavy rockets from multiple launchers buried underground in placements hidden from overhead reconnaissance. The Israelis adopted by introducing new means of surveillance.
The recent clashes between Israel and terror organizations in Gaza (operation Guardians of the Wall) demonstrated some of the forceful methods a nation-state may employ against aggression from non-state actors. Through the 15-day conflict that erupted after the rocket attack on Jerusalem, Israel Defense Forces (IDF) responded with massive aerial attacks, performed primarily by the Israel Air Force (IAF) using precision-guided munitions. These attacks were directed at terror targets such as buildings known to host command posts; multiple rocket launchers dug in underground points amid populated neighborhoods and industrial facilities that were part of Gaza’s military supply chain.
Little known was the part of IDF land forces’ in the operation. Although Israel refrained from committing its land forces to cross the border, some of the land forces employed unmanned systems to strike inside the enemy area to seek and destroy hidden targets. This was the combat debut of a new capability developed by the IDF that demonstrated the great value of manned-unmanned operations at the tactical edge.
Since 2019 the IDF was busy fielding the Multi-Dimensional Group (MDG), a brigade-size unit manned by elite soldiers and technical experts that tested and operated numerous new equipment to maximize combat agility and firepower. The MDG goal was to empower battalion-size battle groups with unmanned assets, advanced command, control, and intelligence, and precision attack capabilities that could bring to affect its organic firepower and support fires from other units and echelons.
Parallel to the evolution of the MDG, other capabilities evolved in the IDF paratrooper brigade to improve the battalion’s situational awareness, combat maneuvers, and fires. This process began with converting one of the combat support companies from a mortar support unit into a Seek-and-Destroy (S&D) company, equipped with autonomous drones that operate in groups to gather intelligence, acquire targets, and deliver precision attacks.
Initially, the unit employed drone swarms provided by Elbit Systems as the developer and integration partner under the IMOD Defense Research and Development Directorate (DR&DD) and Land Forces Command (GFC) Weapon Systems Directorate. This integration included the provision of weapon systems, drones, networking, and C4I. Israel’s Security Agency (ISA) and IDF specialized units provided the methods and tools to access the vast strategic intelligence resources that enabled the company operators to enhance information and situational awareness at the tactical edge.
The backbone enabling the new capability was the latest version of the IDF network-enabled command, control, and communications and intelligence (C4I), Torch 750 system that now links the division and brigades to the company and platoon level. Supporting the lower echelons, the system runs on apps and tablet computers that give users access to new and relevant intelligence information.
The system gathers real-time reconnaissance collected by the drone swarms and correlates it with relevant intelligence, communications intelligence (COMINT), and cyber, collected and stored in the IDF and ISA intel databases. Integration of all resources enables the creation of a highly detailed and accurate situational picture. Using tools to spot anomalies could indicate the existence of hidden enemies or targets in real-time.
As part of the Battle Management System (BMS) of the brigade and battalions, Torch 750 can commit different elements under the brigade’s command that can deliver effects to engage targets acquired by other elements. The new system also has a tight integration of air support at the battalion level. With this capability, ground forces can direct precision air-launched effects at targets they can see without delay.
Another new capability that S&D companies can leverage is the Iron Sting precision-guided mortar bombs, using GPS and laser homing to deliver precision effects by mortars. In March 2021, the new system completed acceptance tests toward fielding by the IDF. The developer Elbit Systems offers the Iron Sting for all types of smoothbore 120mm mortars, including the Cardom and Keshet mounted on APCs, the Spear carried on 4×4 combat vehicles, or Sling, optimized for commandos. By combining the Iron Sting’s precision and ‘Seek and Destroy’ target acquisition capabilities, the new formations can dominate a battlespace significantly larger than equivalent units with conventional capabilities.
Acceptance test of the Iron Sting precision-guided mortar capability. Source: IDF
Militarized Drones and Swarms
In recent years drones have proved essential for all military operations, providing critical intelligence and pursuing time-sensitive targets. As they loiter over the battlespace, drones can spot enemy activities on the ground, but transferring this insight into action may take hours as the call for fire is processed through the echelons until the order to fire is approved.
To develop and evaluate the swarm concept the IDF has used commercial drones as surrogates. Photo: IDF
Empowering the company commanders with the means and authority to order and approve an attack by their organic weapons, supporting artillery, naval, or air support enables the IDF to engage targets having a short lifespan. These targets are often exposed by exploiting the friction created through the movement of manned or unmanned combat units in enemy territory.
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The THOR outperforms commercial drones in its capability to operate in extreme conditions, as defined by MIL-STD-810
[/wlm_ismember]Although commercial UAVs are often used for experimentation and system development, the IDF opted to employ militarized drones better equipped to operate contested environments, interference, jamming, and deception commonly used against drones. In 2017 Elbit Systems was selected to provide multi-rotor drone systems based on a series of drones developed by its subsidiary Flying production.
One of these platforms is THOR, a multi-rotor VTOL drone that was designed to meet MIL-STD-810 requirements. THOR can fly at altitudes of up to 12,000 ft above sea level (3,660 m), and operate at extreme temperatures (-40 to +65), withstand wind gusts and heavy rain and snow, and resist the penetration of sand or dust. With a mission endurance of 75 minutes, it can operate at a radius of up to 10 km, flying up to 2,000 ft. (600 m) above ground. THOR can carry payloads up to 3 kg, including a high-resolution day/night payload.
The miniature THOR multirotor drone is designed specifically for military missions. It is smart, quiet, carries relatively heavy payloads (for its size), and can operate autonomously or under operator supervision at an extended range. Photo: Elbit Systems
THOR is extremely quiet compared with the common commercial drones, even as it flies at the maximum speed of 40 km/h. The drone features real-time datalink and control software designed for military users. It is suitable for operation in urban areas and open terrain with an automatic takeoff and landing capability and autonomous mission flight.
Other drones are purpose-built for specific missions, including persistent surveillance in urban terrain, indoor reconnaissance, and kinetic effects. By sharing a network, autonomous capabilities, and artificial intelligence, the drones operate together as a group or ‘swarm,’ leveraging unique capabilities and efficiencies that conventional means cannot deliver.
On May 6, 2021, as the fighting in the south erupted, the new S&D unit moved quickly to become the first military unit to operate drone swarms in combat. Within few hours, they deployed and fielded this brand-new system, seeking and destroying dozens of hidden enemy targets in complex terrain in rural and urban areas.
A clip from a recent exercise of the MDG showing a micro-drone employing a unique ‘perch and stare’ capability in a dense urban area. Source: IDF Spokesperson.
Within a few days, the new unit brought stunning results. A single company empowered by drone swarms, precision weapons, and comprehensive C4I delivered over 30 missions, destroying dozens of enemy targets several kilometers beyond the border. They were able to locate the enemy in complex urban and densely vegetated rural areas, designate targets, assess those targets at the company CP, strike the targets selected for engagement and perform battle damage assessment (BDA), all that done within minutes by drone swarms.
Following the success of these S&D companies, the GFC recommended converting all combat support companies in regular force to S&D companies over the next year. This new capability will dramatically improve the IDF’s combat effectiveness in dealing with a possible eruption of hostilities with Iranian-backed Hezbollah on the Lebanese border.
Rafael offers several versions of the Samson turret. The system selected by the US Army uses a dual-axis stabilized mount of the XM-813 30mm canon and coaxial 7.62mm machine gun, both can be used simultaneously. Photo: Oshkosh Defense
The U.S. Army has selected Oshkosh Defense to integrate and build an unmanned turret for its Stryker combat vehicle. The Medium Caliber Weapon System (MCWS) will subside the current unmanned turrets on Stryker Dragoon in service since 2016.
The initial order worth $130 million covers the production, integration, engineering, and logistical support for 91 Stryker MCWSs. 83 of these vehicles are destined for the I-2 Stryker Brigade Combat Team and are scheduled to become operational by late 2023. The entire delivery of +500 systems will support 6 BCTs for $942 million if the full contract is implemented through 2027.
In 2019 Oshkosh Defense teamed with Pratt Miller and Rafael Advanced Defense Systems to deliver the MCWS. Based on Rafael’s Samson turret system, the solution provides increased lethality, accuracy, and range while maintaining the mobility and survivability of the Stryker ICVVA1. Oshkosh will integrate onto the Stryker Double V Hull Infantry Carrier Vehicle (ICVVA1) chassis a 30mm weapon system based on Rafael Advanced Defense Systems’ proven SAMSON family of turrets.
Rafael offers several versions of the Samson turret. The system selected by the US Army uses a dual-axis stabilized mount of the XM-813 30mm cannon and coaxial 7.62mm machine gun; both can be used simultaneously. Loading and reloading of both weapons are enabled under armor coverage through an access hatch reserved for this purpose within the turret ring. The system also has provisions for smoke grenade launchers. The most advanced model integrates the Trophy Active Protection System (APS) and advanced automation features. In the past, the Army has evaluated Rafael’s APS solutions for the Strykers and is considering further tests with the current version.
The turret uses two sighting systems, one for the gunner and one for the commander, enabling hunter-killer combat techniques using two individual but interconnected sights, displays, and two weapon control sets. The sights are emplaced in armored ‘pods’ that can fit different optronic systems. The system also uses a sophisticated combat management system comprising automatic target detection (ATD) and tracking (ATTS) capabilities. The Samson design has provisions for two Spike LR missiles in canisters and will require further integration of the Javelin missiles used by the Army.
The contract calls for the integration of the Oshkosh MCWS onto three Stryker Brigade Combat Teams (SBCTs) and a full spectrum of system technical support, interim contractor logistics support, and integrated product support.
The decision follows the Army announcement to divest it’s Stryker 105mm Mobile Gun Systems (MGS). Given the choice of ammunition and higher overall system reliability, the 30mm cannon weapon system (including integration of a Javelin guided missile) is considered more versatile and efficient than the 105mm canon.
Before the recent decision, the Army conducted a thorough examination of five turret systems before selecting the MCWS among three finalists. The Army did not announce the exact model. Still, according to open sources, it will be based on RAFAEL’s Samson 30mm RWS, a turret that has already been selected and entered service on other 8×8 combat vehicles. The other finalists were an MCWS offered by General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) and Kongsberg and another design submitted by Leonardo USA and MOOG. All turrets mount the Northrop Grumman 30mm XM-813 Bushmaster Chain Gun (and are also upgradable to 40mm Supershot) and are installed on the ICVVA1.
A major advantage of the new XM-813 is that it is ready to fire the ATK MK310 Mod 0 Programmable Air Bursting Munition PABM and PABM-T (Traced). The MK310 round is capable of a number of settings including Airburst designed for use against entrenched enemy infantry and Point Detonate and Point Detonate-Delay for use against infantry or ATGM teams within buildings.
the Infantry Carrier Vehicle – Dragoon (ICVD) variant of the Stryker uses a Kongsberg Protector remotely operated turret mounting a 30mm cannon. Photo: Photo US Army by Tad Browning
Founded in the late 1980s, Controp has evolved from a boutique electro-optical house to a global provider of integrated EO/IR solutions. Leveraging advanced optics, sophisticated stabilization, and AI-driven analytics, the company’s “Defining Clarity” ethos shapes a new era of defense capabilities, offering enhanced situational awareness for air, land, and maritime operations.
Founded in the late 1980s, Controp has evolved from a boutique electro-optical house to a global provider of integrated EO/IR solutions. Leveraging advanced optics, sophisticated stabilization, and AI-driven analytics, the company’s “Defining Clarity” ethos shapes a new era of defense capabilities, offering enhanced situational awareness for air, land, and maritime operations.
Representatives of the Israeli and Slovakian Defense ministries have Signed a 560 million Euro Agreement to deliver the Barak MX Integrated Air Defense System Produced by IAI. Barak MX and Barak 8 air defense systems are currently operational with several nations. The Slovakian acquisition is important in integrating the BARAK MX system into the NATO air defense network, which could pave the system’s entry into other Alliance members.
XTEND, an AI-driven drone technology expert, has been awarded an $8.8 million contract by the U.S. Department of Defense to supply VR-operated Precision Strike Indoor & Outdoor (PSIO) small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS), a first DoD-approved loitering munition platform for both indoor and outdoor operations. With cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI), these tactical drones deliver real-time, high-precision strikes, redefining smart munitions in modern warfare.
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