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    Thales Awarded £150 million FIST order

    The new FIST-STA equipment being issued to equip British forces infantry teams was displayed at the DSEi 2009 exhibition in LOndon, September 2009. Photo: MOD Crown Copyright.

    British infantry units will soon be issued with new Surveillance and Target Acquisition (STA) package. The order, part of a £150m contract awarded by the British Ministry of Defence (MOD) to Thales UK marks the first acquisition increment of the Future Integrated Soldier Technology (FIST) program. The full FIST package will consist of nearly eleven thousand suites of equipment.

    First equipment deliveries are planned for November 2010, in time for the training of infantry units, prior to being deployed to Afghanistan, in early 2011. Full contract deliveries are due to be completed in June 2014, equipping a full infantry brigade.

    The new FIST-STA equipment being issued to equip British forces infantry teams was displayed at the DSEi 2009 exhibition in LOndon, September 2009. Photo: MOD Crown Copyright.

    A FIST full of Sights

    The package includes new thermal sights to be supplied by Qioptiq. Thermal imaging systems were realized optimal for operating conditions in Afghanistan, where the level of starlight, or ambient light from man-made sources is too low to support image intensifying systems. Thermal imaging has the added benefits in improving the ability to see through optical camouflage; and assisting soldiers identifying concealed weapons and improvised explosive devices. While concealed man-made objects are non-visible to the naked eye, they stand out in stark contrast to the background on the infrared spectral bands.

    Over the next five years Qioptiq will deliver over 4,000 high performance un-cooled Thermal Weapon Sight units, designated ‘FIST Thermal Sight’ (FTS) to equip the FIST teams. The FTS is equipped with a 640×480 format un-cooled thermal core. Tailored specifically to meet the FIST requirements, the FTS provides enhanced man machine interface (MMI) an integrated Infra Red Laser Aimer (IRLA) for enhanced target identification, along with an integrated Close Quarter Battlesight (CQB) red dot sight. In addition, Qioptiq will convert over 4,000 existing Common Weapon Sights (CWS )& MAXIKITE2 night vision sights adapting them for operation with the Close Quarter Battlesight (CQB) red dot sight.

    All FIST team members will also be provided with new day sights – the MOD selected the SpecterOS x4 lightweight day sight made by Elcan, Canada. In total the company plans to supply 10,835 sights as part of the program’s first phase. In addition, over 19,000 red-dot close quarter battle (CQB) sights will be delivered by Shield of the UK to equip the weapons of all FIST team members. The CQB will operate in tandem with day or night sights, improving instinctive fire and target acquisition, primarily in close combat conditions.

    Equipping the Grenadier

    Grenadiers will be also be equipped with underslung grenade launcher sights and fire control systems. The sight will be supplied by optical sight specialist Istec Services of the UK with fire control module delivered by Vectronix of Switzerland. Known as ‘Rapid Acquisition Aiming Module’ (RAAM shown on the left picture) , the device, jointly developed by Vectronix and Wilcox Industries of the UK, fulfills the FIST Underslung Grenade Launcher Fire Control System (UGL-FCS) requirement. The system instantly calculates the distance to the target and computes the angle of declination or inclination, required for accurate fire adjusting the point of aim displayed on the sight. The device performs in daylight as well as darkness and drastically increases the hit probability of identified targets. Vectronix expects to deliver 2300 systems for the program’s initial phase.

    Team Leader’s Gear

    Team leaders will receive the Moskito ‘ Commander’s Target Locator (CTL ), also built by Vectronix. The company will deliver about 2700 such devices. The system combines all essential day and night viewing, measuring and geo-location functions into one compact device, weighing about 1.2kg, powered by commercially available batteries. Team leaders will also carry a folding lightweight infantry periscope (LIP) supplied by the Israeli company Uniscope. This folding periscope enables the conduct of surveillance whilst under cover or from around corners. This simple, yet effective apparatus has a field of view of 12 degrees and x3 magnification. The commander’s gear also includes a commercial off the shelf (COTS) based ruggedized digital camera produced by Olympus. This camera, part of the commercial ‘μtough’ series, a lightweight, compact COTS piece selected for the FIST program by its ability to collect, and retrieve digital images along patrols. Weighing only 200 grams, μtough is built for operation in rough environmental conditions – it continues to operate even after being immersed in water up to 10 meters deep or dropped from a height of two meters.

    Established as an infantry improvement program, designed to enhance the capability of the dismounted infantry section in the British Army, the program has followed a systematic, requirements-driven approach in equipping small teams of soldiers engaged in dismounted operations with an integrated fighting system. It also addresses integration of the dismounted section with other systems, including personal equipment and platforms, in delivering network-enabled capability. Since 2003 Thales UK and the MoD have been engaged in the FIST Assessment Phase, evaluating various technologies and systems for the program. The next key milestone in the FIST program is expected later this year, with the procurement announcement of C4I systems for dismounted infantry teams.

    Part of the FIST-STA equipment on show, including the thermal night sight, and modified image intensified night sight (on machine gun and at center), bottom center: the Commander Target Locator and at right - the Lightweight Infantry Periscope. Photo: Defense Update.

    Night Eyes for the Constant Hawk – Opening the night for Counter-IED Surveillance

    BAE Systems has delivered the first Airborne, Wide Area Persistent Surveillance System (AWAPSS) to the U.S. Army, addressing an urgent need for improving persistent day-or-night situational awareness in complex operational environments. These surveillance systems will expand the current capabilities of Constant Hawk aerial surveillance aircraft operating in Iraq, detecting, identifying and tracking activities, suspected to be associated with prepartion, emplacement, or locations of Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) or ambushes in complex, urban environments. Sofar these capabilities were limited to daytime operations. Beyond night performance, the new system will also improve automated target tracking capability and offer better target detection and identification, by employing multi-spectral imaging and supporting multi-user operation.

    BAE Systems began developing AWAPSS last year under a $23.8 million contract for two complete systems and two spare sensors. Eventually the Army intends to buy seven systems to equip the Constant Hawk airborne surveillance teams operating in Iraq and Afghanistan. In 2010 the Pentagon plans to buy seven AWAPSS kits.


    Constant Hawk Provides Counter-IED Aerial Patrols

    Four Shorts 360 Sherpa aircraft are currently operating in Iraq, flying some 25 missions per week, as part of the Constant Hawk Iraq (CH-I) operated under Task Force Observe, Detect Identify and Neutralize (TF ODIN) operating in country. Constant Hawk Afghanistan (CH-A) was established in January 2009. Due to the altitude, the aircraft are required to operate when passing mountain ridges equipped with new, pressurized C-12 King Air 350. These aircraft are deployed with a version of the Broad Area Surveillance System designed for daylight operations.

    According to the manufacturer, AWAPSS simultaneously collects registered 100 mega pixel images in the visible and infrared wavebands at one frame pair per second. The AWAPSS system consists of three segments: a sensor mounted on the aircraft- mounted gimbaled platform, an image and data storage unit and the operator’s station. The system captures and records imagery at a spatial and temporal resolution, required when detecting and tracking targets of interest. The sensor segment housed in a flight-qualified turret is planned to be installed on several Unmanned Aerial Vehicle platforms, to include a high bandwidth data link. Future upgrades of the system will extend the coverage and performance, supporting near real-time processing of intelligence to be transferred via datalink to the mission control center, supporting target analysts with improved processing tools.

    Typically, the Constant Hawk aircraft loiters above a ‘Named Area of Interest’ (NAI) for several hours, collecting and building large, a high-resolution image database of the terrain, including the history of activities. This information provides ‘ ‘forensic intelligence’ for analysts seeking minute changes, indications of enemy activities, and identification of areas requiring increased surveillance through other assets. This method of operation enables Constant Hawk providing early warning delivery of potential IED attacks and other critical information, to be forwarded to commanders within hours of completion by each mission.

    Developed under the Pentagon Joint IED Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) initiative, the new airborne sensor is designed to collect and record high-resolution, visible electro-optic and infrared imagery over a wide area of interest, continuously monitoring, recording and analyzing activities on the ground.

    Below: ITT Space Systems Division and Geospatial Systems Inc. are currently developing an Electro-Optical Wide Area Persistent Surveillance System for Improvised Explosive Detection (IED), Homeland Security and Wide Area Event Surveillance. This is the first scalable aerial camera system with the capability to produce up to an 864 mega-pixel direct geo-referenced image in real-time. This system provides a very large Field of View to cover a large metropolitan size city in a single series of captures. Effective Ground Sampled Distance (GSD) is below 1-meter from above 15,000ft AGL. The system provides the ability for real-time tactical downloading with on board JPEG2000 hardware compression from the Air Platform and full on board storage for forensic analysis.

    U.S. Air Force Seek Assets for Persistent Wide Area Airborne Surveillance

    t present two services are employing persistent wide-area airborne surveillance assets – the U.S. Army operates Constant Hawk and the U.S. Marine Corps employs Angel Fire platforms. The U.S. Air Force is also planning to acquire a combined, enhanced system, currently called Wide-Area Airborne Surveillance (WAAS). The Air Force’s systems will be able to cover larger areas than current assets and be able to support multiple, simultaneous targeting and surveillance missions. In addition to the current still-images, WAAS will also be able to cue and hand-off targets to other platforms, providing full motion video that can be used for furtehr analysis, tracking, targeting and engagement.

    The Skyraider displayed by Proxy Aviation at AUVSI 2009 demonstrated multiple sensors grouped to form a Persistent Surveillance capability in addition to a belly-mounted EO payload, a configuration similar to that required for the future Air Force WAAS. Photo: Defense Update

    Supacat Protected Vehicle (SPV)

    Supacat is addressing the LPPV requirement by introducing the new Supacat Protected Vehicle (SPV) Series, enhancing the company’s successful range of high mobility vehicles. The 4×4 SPV 400 is offered as an optimal solution in Urgent Operational Requirement, for a Light Protected Patrol Vehicle (LPPV), replacing the Land Rover Snatch platform. For the LPPV bid Supacat is Prime Contractor and Systems Integrator responsible for the mobility platform, while NP Aerospace is Principal Sub-Contractor responsible for the protection and crew pod, as well as providing production resources.

    The 4×4 SPV 400 Series concept, which carries a 2+4 crew and has a declared GVW of 7500kg, provides a useable payload of 1,500kg. A 6×6 SPV 600 Series sister platform is due to follow.

    The new design combines a fully integrated protection system with the cross-country capable high mobility automotive platform, combat proven by operational vehicles such as the Jackal. The integrated protection system features a V-shaped hull for mine blast protection and a composite crew “pod” enhancing protection from kinetic threats, as well as blast.

    The protection system developed in association with British armor expert NP Aerospace, includes mine-blast seats and configurable ballistic armor. The SPV survivability is predicated on “Fully Integrated Protection”, in which threat protection measures are integrated into the vehicle structure to achieve an optimized high protection, low weight solution. For example, the armored steel V-shaped chassis hull, manufactured as a single structure, with high ground standoff to provide integral blast protection. The axle assemblies are mounted in sacrificial sub frames, fore and aft of the hull, designed to blow off in the event of a wheel mine blast. The engine and transmission are installed in two separate assemblies, ensuring the crew pod is not impacted, should the front sub-frame detach. This modular approach also enables rapid in-theatre repair.

    The composite crew pod sits over the hull, between the wheels, and utilizes the latest composite and ceramic armor systems to mitigate the operational threats at optimal weight.

    The SPV chassis design features high articulation independent suspension, air spring units and tuned-for-purpose damping coupled to managed power transmission provides all terrain mobility and speed. A starter-generator provides substantial electrical power for all mission scenarios and the same Cummins engine and Allison transmission system matches the logistic footprint of Jackal and Coyote. The SPV400’s speed and all terrain mobility and maneuverability is comparable to Jackal and it is capable of 80mph on desert plain. Air suspension provides troops with a smooth ride, reducing crew fatigue.

    The first SPV 400 prototype was subjected in December 2009 to two days of blast trials, simulating IEDs and large Vehicle Borne IED (VBIED) effect. The second and third SPV400 prototypes were completed at Supacat’s Dunkswell, Devon, facility in January 2010 and following initial company trials are participating in the UK MoD’s full trials program. A further two prototypes are being completed with one due to undergo further blast tests.

    The international debut of the SP V400 was at Eurosatory 2010, where the most recent configuration of the vehicle was displayed. Sofar Supacat has built six prototypes, some are configured for the British LPPV requirement, and others used for blast testing. Supacat is also considering additional pod configurations, including a fire support version with a roof-mounted remote-controlled weapon station and an ‘open space’ pod, configurable for an armored ambulance, protected utility vehicle or a command and communications vehicle. A heavier version in a 6×6 configuration is also considered, to be fitted with a larger armored pod, carrying heavier payloads.

     

    Ocelot Light Armored Vehicle

    Photo: Defense-Update

    Force Protection Europe (FPE) and Ricardo, Inc., the US subsidiary of racing specialist Ricardo plc, have teamed to develop a compact and versatile light armored, mine-protected vehicle designed for off-road operations. The vehicle dubbed ‘Ocelot’, was launched at a unique collaboration between Ricardo and Force Protection Europe. The Ocelot addresses the new category of Light Protected Patrol Vehicle (LPPV) concept, by offering high levels of protection, mobility and configuration versatility. FPE is the UK subsidiary of Force Protection International, the manufacturer of the Cougar Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicle, and its Mastiff and Ridgeback derivatives operated by the UK.

    Photo: Defense-Update
    Photo: Defense-Update

    According to David Hind, Managing Director of FPE, “designing from a clean sheet we have adopted a novel design which is a complete departure from the standard practice of basing mine resistant vehicles on a standard chassis design. We are confident that the V-shape design of Ocelot, not only meets today’s blast resistance requirements, but those expected in the future.” This approach enabled the team to integrate the latest innovations in automotive and defense technologies to deliver a practical and versatile platform.

    The vehicle is based on a modular design, comprising a core automotive armored spine or “skateboard”, onto which one of a number of alternative special to role “pods” is mounted. These roles include a patrol, fire support or protected logistics vehicle, sharing the common and interchangeable core. This concept enables the unit operating Ocelots to maintain mission capable forces, while addressing maintenance schedules or combat attrition, by reconfiguring available vehicles with the pods needed for each mission, rather than stocking spare vehicles as a reserve fleet. Vehicle pods are easily interchangeable in the field as the need requires.

    Photo: Defense-Update

    The V-shaped hull configuration formed by the combination of skateboard and an armor protected pod provides a practical vehicle package with good maneuverability, operational flexibility and high levels of protection for the crew. The vehicle has integral ballistic and mine protection, while EFP and RPG protection necessitates additional appliqué armor kits. The skateboard spine also provides added protection to the internal automotive systems, improving operational robustness.

    The Ocelot uses independent lockable differentials axles and a powerful diesel engine, delivering high power-to-weight ratio (up to 25 kw/ton in combat mode) enhancing off-road mobility. This capability is further supported by the ground clearance of 0.338 meters, and 3.65 m wheelbase. The vehicle can climb a gradient of 60 degrees, tilt over 33 degrees angle and travel at a top speed of 110 km/h, accelerating to 80 km/h in 19.75 seconds. The fuel autonomy supports over 600 km of travel distance. Ocelot utilizes the four wheel steering Ocelot can turn in less than 12 m circle.

    Designed to meet the British requirement for LPPV the Ocelot is designed for a gross vehicle weight of 7.5 tons, carrying a payload 2 tons. The patrol version accommodates six soldiers (2+4), the weapon carrier WMIK version (Weapon Mounted Installation Kit) carries 2+2 while the logistical variant seats a crew of two.


    Ricardo’s Skateboard & Pod Bring Racing Experience to the Battlezone

    The Ocelot’s V-shaped hull that mounts p[art of the belly protection and all the automotive systems except the torsion bars. It houses the Steyr 3.2 litre straight six diesel powerpack, propshaft, 6-speed ZF gearbox, AxelTech differentials, fuel tank and all the suspension gear. The V-shape design results in the running gear not intruding into the crew area making movement from front to back easy and also reducing the threat to the occupants from the running gear in the event of an attack. The torsion bar is mounted alongside the hull; in the event of an attack the vehicle is able to keep moving even if it has lost a wheel as the rest of the automotive parts are protected.

    The composite pod has been designed to be interchangeable, and in the patrol vehicle there is seating for two crew and four dismounts. Access to the vehicle is through large rear doors, two top hatches or if required an oversize commander’s door. Bulkheads between the cabin and passenger compartment and between them and the vehicle electronic equipment (radios and electronic counter measures) give added protection. The pod uses a novel tilting mechanism attaching to the hull by hinges which are kept in place with pins. To carryout maintenance the wiring loom from the pod is disconnected from the skateboard together with the steering connection and the crew pod is then tilted using an another vehicle and strops to pull it over, providing full access to all automotive parts. To change the pod the pins are removed from the pod and the skateboard driven to a new pod and this is then connected and tilted back onto the vehicle. As part of the design of the vehicle maintenance was a high priority and integral to the overall concept enabling major assemblies to be rapidly changed in the field rather than having to recover the vehicle to a base workshop to carry out repairs. For example a new powerpack can be flown into a forward operating base and changed over in less than one hour.

    Prospects in Australia, USA

    Force protection is considering the Ocelot as the pioneer for a family of light – to medium off-road protected vehicles ranging from 4×4 7.5 to 6×6 10 tons gross vehicle weight (GVW). The can carry a 1.5-tonne payload and has a modular configurable protected pod that can be designed as a flatbed, load carrier, weapon carrier; troop carrier; ambulance or open-top vehicle.
    In addition to the British LPPV competition, Ocelot has also been offered for the Australian Land 121 Project Overlander program. In addition, Force Protection hasn’t given up on the U.S. opportunities, and is waiting for the USMC decision on a potential alternative to some of the corps’ Joint Light Tactical Vehicles, following the completion of testing of the three versions being evaluated by the joint Army-USMC team.

    Further reading:
    Innovative Designs Pursue new Opportunities for Light Patrol Vehicle

    Gearing for the Long War – Defense Technology Trends Reflected at the AUSA Exhibition

    A major shift in acquisition strategy, shrinking resources and ambiguous military posture in Afghanistan and Iraq are only some of the trends contributing to the uncertainty reflected this year at the exposition of defense industries gathered for the annual Association of the U.S. Army (AUSA), held in Washington DC last week.

    The obvious preference nowadays is doing more with less – repair, maintain and sustain what you have in hand, buy what you must have now, and push back everything else to better days. This attitude was reflected along the exhibition aisles, absent of major new systems requiring major commitments and funding, the displays showed abundant ‘life extension’ for current systems; army material command and its Program Executive Offices (PEOs) exhibited masses of new and ‘off the shelf’ systems, recently acquired in response to urgent requirements from theater. The present focus is on supporting the systems in the filed, rapidly fielded to better respond to the changing operational conditions – a daunting task, given the scale and intensity of system’s usage in the field and today’s challenging economical conditions.

    Worn down by the extensive combat use and harsh environmental conditions in theater, used equipment is being repaired and reconditioned through the post deployment reset, offering an opportunity for systems improvements and modernization. This process has replaced much of the programmatic product improvements processes of the past. The planned insertion of ’spin-outs’ from the Future Combat Systems program into the first Brigade Combat Team is scheduled to be carried out in 2011, as part of the brigade’s post combat reset process. This program will include the installation of new radios, networking systems and inclusion of certain software updates to upgrade command and control elements, in addition to the supply of new sensors, unmanned systems and missiles.

    While armored vehicles are the systems making much of the news these days, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities and more specifically the Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), and helicopters are among the ‘most wanted list’ of military hardware.

    Our AUSA 2009 highlights include:

    High Altitude Airship (HAA)


    Lockheed Martin Maritime Systems & Sensors, is developing a High Altitude Airship under a technology demonstration program funded the US Missile defense Agency. The unmanned, untethered solar powered prototype airship with be able to remain on station for 30 days at a cruise altitude of 60,000 feet. With a minimum payload capacity of 500 pounds and on-board supply of 3 kW of power the airship will be able to carry a missile detection and warning equipment augmenting current ground- and space-based capabilities. The current program cost is estimated at US $149 million with completion expected by November 2010. Lockheed Martin is already developing a larger prototype airship expected to carry 4,000 pound payloads and 10 KW power.

    The High Altitude Airship (HAA) is developed under advanced technology concept demonstration (ACTD) $40 million design and risk reduction program. This prototype is expected to be completed in 2006. Once successfuly demonstrated in flight testing, the HAA is expected to provide a test bed for the Ballistic Missile defense Agency. The HAA will be about 500 feet long, 160 feet in diameter and have a volume of 5.2 million cubic feet.

    The target HAA will be even larger. According to Lockheed Martin, the unmanned HAA ‘blimp’ is designed to operate for extended durations at an altitude of 65,000 feet, well above the flying altitude of aircraft or air defense missiles. The blimp’s sensors will cover a ground and airspace footprint of at least 700 miles in diameter and more than 4 million cubic miles of airspace. HAA will be capable of lifting various mission-specific payloads, including radar, communications and passive electronic and imaging (EO/IR) sensors. Unlike satellites, HAA will be able to return to its base for resupply and refitting with different payloads, to accommodate evolving mission requirements. Using helium for lift and four electric-powered propulsion systems for directional flight and control, the HAA would maintain a quasi-geostationary position and have capacity to relocate. The ground-based command and control system will communicate with the airship via line-of-sight and beyond line-of-sight methods. Its vehicle management system will use autonomous, manual and remote-piloted modes, and will monitor vehicle health, perform systems diagnostics, control the system’s operating environment at the equipment bays, and evaluate the hull structure.

    Passive EO Radar – Perimeter Defense

    A new addition to perimeter defense systems is under development at Magna BSP, developers of a passive radar ‘Virtual Wall’ perimeter protection system, based on stereoscopic video motion detection system. The system is designed for unattended operation along a perimeter line or from a central location, protecting strategic facilities, border lines as well as airfields and harbors.

    The sensor elements are comprised of two vertically-aligned IR micro bolometer cameras linked by the system’s processing module to provide accurate and reliable detection of targets, while passively determining the size and location of the target (in azimuth, distance and height above ground). The three-dimensional representation of the scenery provides accurate and reliable detection, with a high probability of detection (Pd), while maintaining a low false alarm rate (FAR). Magna’s patented algorithm, NFAR (Negligible False Alarm Rate), makes an accurate estimation even when targets are as small and far away as to fill a single pixel on the camera. As a result, system alerts are triggered only upon detection by both sensors. These systems filter false targets generated by new static objects, monotonic movements (wind etc.) targets are validated according to their movement parameters in the area of interest defined by the user.

    Magna’s system include a range of static, panoramic sensor poles each carrying two (stereoscopic) or four (quadroscopic) sensors (two thermal IR and two CCD) covering a 360 degree zone, by staring sensors or scanning sensor poles. The sensors comprise an integrated IR/CCD camera which can operates in day and night, as well as under limited visibility conditions. The system’s displays warning signals superimposed over an aerial photo of the protected facility, in addition to the raw data of the panoramic view and images from the two sensors, used for identification, showing a close-up of the relevant sector, and indication of relevant moving targets.

    The Magna sensor maintains automatic target detection of a man size target at a range of up to 1.5 km providing full 3D stereoscopic image analysis including target size, velocity coordination, and ranging. The system has automatic and user defined filters, which eliminate false alarm by employing advanced algorithms, utilizing detection by multiple sensor the system has achieved remarkable levels of false target elimination. In fact, according to Magna BSP CEO, Haim Siboni, the company can an average false alarm rate of one per day, significantly lower than any competing system. Automatic identification of small objects also contributes to false alarm reduction, as targets detected at short range (such as birds flying through the sensor’s field of view). The system automatically filters monotonous movements but also indicates and alerts of new static objects that appearing in the surveillance sector.

    In 2006 the system was selected to provide perimeter protection for the Ben-Gurion Airport and is scheduled for fielding as perimeter protection for military facilities in Israel. In November 2006 the company announced that its systems were selected to protect French military facilities and mobile forces, following the evaluation conducted by Thales and the French defense technology agency. Based on the French requirements for up to 800 systems, total value of the program could reach up to €320 million over five years. At the initial phase, the company expects deliveries of 300 systems worth about €80 million. The company is also competing for a similar U.S. Marine Corps program. Magna BSP continued the development of the patented “virtual fens” and “Passive EO radar” technology in the past six years, backed by the founders and funding from the Israeli R&D. Among the recent applications explored by Magna are mobile applications, enabling manned and unattended partol vehicles inspect a border fense and detect tracks left by infiltrators, detection of irregular activity along the perimeter (such as planting IEDs) and detection of foreign objects (FOD) on runways at airports. In recent years the company also attracted investments form Israel MOD Defense Research & Development Directorate (DRDD) and private investors, including the Aeronautics Defense Systems group.

    G-NIUS Expands Guardium Family with Logistics Carrier Variant

    Israel’s Unmanned Ground Vehicle’s (UGV) pioneer G-NIUS is expanding its Guardium UGV family with a logistics load carrier (Guardium LS) designed to support dismounted infantry units on the battlefield. In the logistics support role, the vehicle can be tele-operated from mobile or portable terminals, or act in a mule mode, where it autonomously follows a squad unit.


    Photo: G-NIUS

    The manned version of the Tomcar platform used for the Guardium vehicle has already been used operationally in the logistical support role; the Springer vehicle, acquired earlier this year by the British Ministry of Defence, under the urgent operational requirement (UOR) program, has recently deployed toAfghanistan in support of British forces in-theater.

    Responding to combatants' requirement, the Guardium LS reduces the dismounted soldier's weight load and facilitates safe replenishment of forward deployed forces. Photo: G-NIUS

    The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) considers deploying such vehicles both as optionally manned-driven vehicles and an unmanned ‘logistical ‘mules’. The vehicle, carries loads up to 1.2 tons of supplies, employs the Guardium autonomous mission control system, enabling units to use the system in a variety of operational scenarios, including route clearing, base protection, ISR and logistic support. In the logistics support role, the vehicle can be tele-operated from mobile or portable terminals, or act in a mule mode, where it autonomously follows a squad unit.

    The IDF has recently deployed the semi-autonomous Guardium UGV along the Gaza border, where the vehicle is used as part of the border security system. The Guardium LS incorporates lessons learned in the course of the Guardium UGV’s operational deployment.

    The IDF logistics corps has identified the unmanned load carrier as one of the capability gaps to be fulfilled by unmanned systems, after encountering critical challenges during the Second Lebanon War in 2006, where IDF logistics were restricted in pushing supplies forward into the battle area. Since then, the loads that infantry units must carry only increased, forcing planners to field load-carrying systems to support dismounted combat elements.

    Guardium LS incorporates lessons learned during operational deployment of the Guardium™ UGV by the Israeli Defense Forces. Photo: G-NIUS

    Singapore to Field 135 Terrex 8×8 infantry combat vehicles

    Singapore is fielding the new 8×8 Terrex Infantry Combat Vehicle. The Singaporeans are planning to field at least 135 vehicles, expected to be fielded with all infantry and guards battalions by February 2010. The new vehicle was developed by Singapore Technologies Kinetics and is optimized for urban warfare.

    The 24-tonne Terrex Infantry Carrier Vehicle (ICV) is the latest Singapore Armed Forces’ (SAF’s) acquisition, under the island state’s ambitious 3rd Generation fighting force scheme. In recent years the Singaporean army transformed its capabilities with the introduction of new systems, including the Leopard IIA4 tanks, acquired from Germany in 2006 and the Bionix III tracked infantry combat vehicle, fielded a year earlier. Terrex was developed under collaboration between Turkey and Singapore.

    It can carry up to 13 soldiers, inclusive of its driver and commander. The vehicle is equipped with 8×8 independent suspension system and large off-road tyres which enhance mobility over various types of terrain. It can travel at speeds of up to 105 kmh.

    The vehicle is equipped with remotely operated weapon station, manufactured in country. It is protected by a modular armor system, which can be enhanced with add-on armor protection suite to provide all-round protection against conventional threats. The Terrex ICV is also designed to withstand mine blasts.

    It is fitted with the Battlefield Management System (BMS), facilitating full situational awareness capability for the crew and integration with other combat systems including infantry fighting vehicles, main battle tanks, artillery platforms, attack helicopters and fighter aircraft. The vehicle will also employ a new acoustic Weapon Detection System (WDS) to spot enemy fire sources. (the system can be seen in the photo above, on the aft of the vehicle, just above the ramp door) Threat and target information could be shared with other friendly forces via the BMS network. The Terrex BMS also supports the dismounted soldiers carrying the Singapore Army new breed of infantry combat suites. Supporting and interfacing with the Advanced Combat Man System (ACMS) the vehicular BMS will constantly update infantry troops on enemy movement and location. With a better picture of the operating environment and key battlefield information provided by BMS, soldiers can call for support from air and land forces to coordinate maneuvers and deliver precision fire on enemy targets.

    Photos on this page Courtesy: MINDEF, Singapore

    IAI Shows Progress with Mosquito Micro UAV

    IAI is nearing the first delivery of a prototype version of the Mosquito micro UAV, as part of the technological evaluation of this new concept UAV. Similar to ‘micro class’ UAVs, Mosquito weighs in the sub kilogram range, but unlike other systems scratching the top of the weight class, Mosquito weighs only 500 grams. Nevertheless, it can operate on a 30 minute mission, at distances up to 3,000 meters from the launch point. According to IAI officials the Mosquito can endure winds and gusts up to 25 knots. The system is not new, Defense Update has first reported on the Mosquito in 2005. In the past four years the development of the systemcontinues, alas at a slower pace, lacking a clear customer requirement or market. But IAI’s developers persisted in their effort to improve the system, with encouragement from Israel’s MOD Defense Research & Development Directorate (DR&DD).

    Through this evolutionary process the airframe hasn’t changed much, but the system became more mature, as designers gradually implemented lessons learned from much larger systems, while seeking simple, low-cost and lightweight elements to enhance the system, improve its reliability and usability, primarily by operators with the average soldier skills.

    Demonstrated publicly in flight for the first time at the 3rd Latrun conference this week the Mosquito was launched by a unique catapult, derived from a common fishing harpoon. This apparatus was modified to launch the Mosquito effectively and reliably. The innovative use of such apparatus corresponds to new requirements emerging from the field. Operational experience with mini-UAVs has demonstrated that most losses of air vehicles are caused on take off and landing, deriving developers to adapt mechanized launch and retrieval systems for small and mini UAVs.


    IAI sources indicated that after a thorough examination of different launch systems, including catapults, bungee and hand launch, the harpoon was found to be the most reliable and compact. It also enables the launch of a Mosquito from confined spaces such as armored vehicles, windows or moving trucks. Once airborne the electrically powered Mosquito is silent and virtually invisible as it rapidly climbs to its cruising altitude (commonly set to 100 meters above the surface). From this altitude the micro UAV can effectively collect intelligence ‘over the hill’, directly supporting low echelon users including battalions, companies and special operations forces.

    A major development thrust was invested in balancing the weight, endurance and performance of the system, resulting in the use of two rechargeable batteries, sustaining a mission of 30 minutes, or alternative primary (non-rechargeable) power sources increasing endurance by about 25 percent. The Mosquito is equipped with a single electro-optical sensor with a fixed field of view, the installation of the miniature camera enables automatic compensation of the line of sight to the aircraft maneuver, thus improving operability by non specialist users.

    To improve the utilization of this asset as an intelligence collection tool, Mosquito can generate a continuous set of images, ‘stitched’ together electronically to combine each of the individual high resolution frames into a mosaic covering a certain area of interest, movement axis or enemy disposition area. The current EO sensor comprises a CCD camera but future operational systems will employ a daylight CCD and/or bolometric (uncooled) IR imager. After the data is gathered, the Mosquito is commanded to reach a retrieval point, where it opens a parachute at a set altitude, determined to bring the micro UAV to the ground at a point where it can be safely retrieved by the operators. The whole system, comprising the mission command and control, two UAVs and communications segment is packed into a briefcase that can be carried and operated by a single warfighter.

    The portable command and control console implemented on a notebook PC shows the mission planning and control system performed entirely on the screen. (The flight displays are for air vehicle reference monitoring during the test flight). The payload images are shown on the window at left. The operating mode on the left is collecting images for the mosaic. Within a short time all images captured (as requested by the operator) are aligned to each other, 'stitched' into a mosaic, and presented in a 'zoom out' overview as shown in the right window. Since the image is processed on the ground, the operator can 'zoom in' at will, on any object, and examine the full resolution image displayed in maximum magnification, to seek valuable information or better understanding the situation. This operation mode provides the small unit with 'up-to-the-minute' aerial photo showing an overview of the updated area of operation, rather than looks for a specific target or identifies an armed person or suspect - missions performed by other, larger unmanned systems.

    Israel Unveils New Precision Weapon Systems for the Ground Forces

    Photo: Noam Eshel, Defense-Update

    New Israeli hardware was unveiled today at the Latrun 3rd annual conference discussing maneuver in complex terrain. Many of the new systems were unveiled by the Ground Forces Command’s (GFC) weapons development department, responsible for the maturization of new weapon systems, command for the armor, infantry, combat engineering and artillery corps. Other programs displayed here are sponsored or supported by the Israel Ministry of Defense Directorate Research & Development (DDR&D) were displayed by four industries that supported the event, including IAI, Rafael, IMI and Azimuth.

    Improved Precision for Artillery Projectile

    Photo: Noam Eshel, Defense-Update

    The GFC unveiled an add-on improvement designed for conventional artillery projectiles developed by IAI, improving the accuracy, effectiveness of artillery fire while reducing the risk to friendly forces and minimizing collateral damage resulting from the use of artillery fire in dense and populated areas. The system further improves over the current Trajectory Correction System (TCS) developed by IMI and fielded with the IDF multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS) units and introducing trajectory correction and improved statistical fire accuracy with tube artillery. It employs a GPS receiver and guidance system performing trajectory correction during flight, achieving an average circular error point (CEP) of 20 meters, regardless of the range the projectile is fired at. While still employed as a statistical fire for effect, artillery can be used much more economically, spending significantly less ammunition to achieve the required effect, resulting in reduced logistics, transportation and risk of error. It also means that the required effect can be reached within minutes, rather than over much longer time. When coupled with the new Multi-Mode Radar, developed by IAI’s Elta Systems and soon to be fielded by the Israeli Artillery, the new trajectory corrected guided projectile will further improve the ability of the IDF artillery to address rapid response, precision fire of fire sources soon after these are being detected by the MMR.

    Mini-Spike Anti-Personnel Guided Weapon

    DDR&D provided a glimpse into some of the new and exciting programs currently underway with participating industries. Among these were the mini-Spike missile system, the smallest member of Rafael’s electro-optically guided missiles. Mini-Spike is the first implementation of an anti-personnel precision attack missile, designed for operation at the company and platoon level. This man-portable missile system weighs about 12 kg, and comprises of a command and launch unit facilitating target acquisition and wireless control for the missile, weighing 4 kg and missiles stored in a canister-launcher, weighing 4 kg each. Typically a soldier will carry the CLU and two missiles with other members of the unit carrying spare missiles. The missile can be fired at targets at ranges of 1,200 meters and can be set to approach the target in a low, medium or high angle of attack, enabling effective engagement of concealed targets. The CLU can be used stand-alone for observation and target acquisition. It features a number of useful operating modes, including video recording and playback.

    Photo: Noam Eshel, Defense-Update

    Remotely Operated, Organic Precision Attack Missile

    Photo: Noam Eshel, Defense-Update

    IAI has unveiled at the event a new and unique operational concept providing dismounted and maneuvering forces an organic, precision attack capability utilizing simple ‘dial a strike’ concept, employing the new vertically launched, supersonic guided missile called ‘Jumper’. The missile’s length is 180 cm and its diameter is 15 cm. Each launch unit weighs about 1.5 tons can be deployed by air, or land and operate in an unattended mode, without requiring support or presence of operators. The launch system covers a radius of 50 kilometers and uses vertical launch to set the missile on course at any direction, without pre-launch slewing or elevation. The launch unit can be loaded with several types of missiles stored in sealed container-launchers weighing about 90 kg each, carrying pre-configured with anti-personnel, anti-structure or penetrating warheads. The missile is propelled by a two-phase rocket motor with low signature and the supersonic speed means that its acoustic signature is also minimal. The missile is stored in sealed containers, each launch unit packs eight missiles and a command control and communications unit. The missiles are using highly accurate GPS/INS guidance, driving four steering surfaces at the aft section. Enhanced GPS/INS will derive accuracy levels comparable to other precision guided weapons. In the basic configuration the missile is designed to be effective against stationary targets designed by geographical coordinate, and is unaffected by visibility and weather conditions. An optional laser guidance enhancement will enable the weapon to hit at even higher precision, enable limited ‘man in the loop’ capability and address moving targets. According to IAI sources, compared to costly electro-optical guidance systems, the entire GPS/INS guidance system can be produced at significantly lower costs, making the new missile affordable for employment at lower formations, such as the platoon level. IAI is also addressing similar (and complementary) capability by employing network-centric laser-guided weapons capability. According to IAI officials, the two trends are expected to merge in the future to address evolving market opportunities.

    Shock Absorber – Man-Portable Active Protection System

    IMI’s Shock Absorber was developed to protect dismounted infantry detachments and stationary posts, operating in hostile areas, where they are exposed to guided missile threats. The portable kit utilizes a laser based effector employing electro-optical infra-red directional jammer and electro-optical threat detection elements developed for the larger vehicle based active protection systems (Iron Fist – which has already been selected for the Namer AIFV). The system could also employ other countermeasures as required by operational tactics, techniques and procedures. The current system weighs less than 20 kg and can be carried by a single soldier. The system’s development was initiated under the DDR&D armor and protection department and is currently in development and under evaluation by the IDF.

    During the 2006 Lebanon War several IDF infantry units were hit when taking shelter in buildings. The new system could be used to increase the protection of such units, when situated in stationary positions, inside buildings or in open terrain.

    Photo: Noam Eshel, Defense-Update

    Israel Embarks on a development of advanced UGV

    G-NIUS will Develop the Next-Generation Unmanned Ground Vehicle dubbed Nahshon for the Israeli Defense Forces. The new unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) will offer improved operational flexibility and performance beyond the level provided by the current Guardium, designed for security operations and will provide combat support.

    The new vehicle will be developed by G-NIUS Unmanned Ground Systems (UGS) Ltd., a joint venture of Elbit Systems and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). The company announced today (September 2, 2009) that it was awarded a contract for the development of the next-generation UGV (unmanned ground vehicle) for the Israeli Defense Forces. The development phase, led by the Israeli Ministry of Defense’s Directorate for Defense Research & Development (DDR&D) and the Israeli Ground Forces, is to be completed by 2011.

    The “Nahshon” UGV is based on the vast experience of the G-NIUS UGV Guardium, operated by the IDF since 2008. The next-generation UGV will offer improved autonomous mobility and operational performance. Additionally, the vehicle’s navigation capabilities will be enhanced to include advanced control solutions. The new UGV will allow increased payload weight, in order to offer better situational awareness, autonomy and independent decision making. The features of the new UGV will enable higher operational flexibility extending the current performance into more challenging combat scenarios, providing combat support. The IDF has already fielded remotely controlled weapon stations and the armed unmanned platform seems a logical evolution of such capabilities.

    The Nahshon is believed to be based on the Tactical, Amphibious Ground Support System (TAGS) developed and produced by Dumur Industries of Canada. This vehicle was extensively tested and evaluated by the IDF including fire support and combat service support (known as the Phoenix unmanned resupply vehicle).

    G-NIUS CEO Erez Peled noted that the decision of the Israeli Defense Forces to develop a next-generation UGV reflects the necessity for such a system and its major contribution to security missions in the modern combat arena. Peled added that the Israeli Defense Forces is one of the most advanced armies worldwide in the unmanned systems field, and trusts that other armed forces around the world will follow the IDF in its selection of G-NIUS’ unmanned systems.

     

    Boomerang II – Acoustic Gunshot Detection System

    Boomerang II acoustic gunshot detection system from BBN Technologies, is designed to operate in, noisy, vehicular environment, such as on the HMMWV. The system can automatically slew weapons or sensors to “close the loop” and rapidly engage the incoming fire with lethal effect. It was designed to integrate with TRAP T-250 remotely controlled weapon mount, the Weapon Watch EO/IR system, and Enhanced Tactical Automated Security System (eTASS) sensor fusion, display and C2 system developed by Northrop Grumman.

    BBN is currently developing Boomerang III which will enhance the performance beyond the current system’s capabilities. Over 100 systems are already deployed in Iraq. The U.S. Army has contracted BBN to supply 106 such systems to equip more units.

    In September 2009 BBN Technologies has been awarded a $22.5 million contract by the US Army Product Manager Robotics and Unmanned Sensors (PM RUS) to deliver 1,095 Boomerang Shooter Detection Systems and installation kits to equip 2,195 vehicles. The Boomerang system immediately alerts US Forces to incoming hostile fire and pinpoints the location of the enemy shooter. BBN has delivered over 5,000 such systems in 2008, fielding more than 6000 Boomerang systems in Iraq and Afghanistan. According to Mark Sherman, vice president and general manager, Boomerang at BBN Technologies, the company‘s goal is to introduce Boomerang variants to “protect our troops regardless of whether they are in moving vehicles, in fixed positions, on foot, or in the air.” The company has already adapted the Boomerang technology for soldier-wearable and helicopter applications. Initial wearable ‘Boomerang Warrior’ systems have been delivered to the US Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center, and according to BBN, field testing for the helicopter system is successfully underway.

    Obama’s New Midde-East – A Roadmap to Total Confusion

    Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad has outlined a unilateral plan to build the infrastructure and institutions for an independent Palestinian state within two years – the first time the Palestinian Authority has attempted to do so. The proposal, which Fayyad intends to move forward on without waiting for the outcome of the peace negotiations with Israel, calls for new seaports and railways and an international airport in the Jordan Valley, as well as a new capital in East Jerusalem. The U.S. welcomed the initiative, although Israeli officials have dismissed it as inviable. But from a realistic standpoint, Mr. Fayyad’s plan is totally unrealistic to say the least.

    “We must confront the whole world with the reality that Palestinians are united and steadfast in their determination to remain on their homeland, end the occupation and achieve their freedom and independence. The world should also know that we are not prepared to continue living under a brutal occupation and siege that flouts not only the law, but also the principles of natural justice and human decency,” he added.


    Fayyad continued by saying that his plan’s priorities included ending economic dependence on Israel and foreign aid, shrinking the size of the government, expanding the use of technology, unifying the legal system and using a performance-based pay system in the public sector. Overall, Fayyad’s optimistic and promising vision that has yet to come to terms with the reality – not only accepted by Fayyad’s supporters but by the Palestinians themselves.

    Fatah officials are critical of the fact that it was Fayyad – who is not even a member of their organization, made a speech that probably should have been made by Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas (aka Abu Mazen). Leading Fatah members came short in accusing Fayyad of trying to take over the PA’s leadership outright. The ‘grassroots’ leadership – long left out of office, is nervously aware of the fact that many in the international community would like to see western educated Fayyad become the next Palestinian president. But Fayyad, a technocrat with no significant political base, is heading a controversial cabinet which Islamist Hamas rivals refuse to recognize. After losing the Gaza Strip to Hamas in 2007 the Fatah movement now fears that a new force may also compromise its shaking hegemony in the West Bank.

    The Islamic fundamentalist Hamas was quick to announce that Fayyad’s 65 page statement “was not even worth the paper it was written on.” In fact, at a closer look Salam Fayyad’s program appeared to be a wish-list, rather than a detailed blueprint. Peace talks with Israel, in which Palestinians seek a state on Israeli-occupied land, have been completely deadlocked since last December, not that they had achieved any progress during the last decades, since the botched “Oslo Agreement”.

    With its economy in shambles, not to mention the totally bankrupt status in Gaza, where half the Palestinian population lives under deplorable conditions, ruled by Hamas. The Palestinian Authority is heavily dependent on foreign assistance for most of its budget. In 2008 alone, it received 1.8 billion in financial support – the majority of which soon dwindled into the pockets of a largely corrupt administration.

    A Palestinian State, even if it should include the entire West Bank area, completely devoid of Jewish settlements, would be a non-starter in any category. Regarded only from a geo-political aspect, the so-called West Bank is completely landlocked, lacking adequate space for a modern airport, not to mention seaside harbor (as long as the Gaza Strip is rule by renegade Hamas).

    But for this sordid political situation, the Palestinians can blame only themselves. Having missed all past chances for a self-ruled state, by short-sighted leaderships, since the termination of the British 28 year Mandate in 1948, their only hope for a viable solution would be the so-called “Jordan option”.

    The world is known to have a short and unfortunately too prejudiced memory in regarding the Israel-Palestinian conflict. A brief retrospect seems necessary to place the usually overreacted “settlement” issue into its right perspective.

    Already back in 1937, the Peel Commission, placed by British Royal Decree, offered the Palestinian leadership a significant portion of Palestine for a state, and they flatly rejected it. The offered share of Western Palestine would have been larger than the landmass proposed in 1947 by the U.N. Partition Plan, and the Partition Plan would have given the Palestinians more land than they would have had under the Armistice Lines of 1949, following Israel’s War of Independence. Subsequent agreements including the 1993 Oslo Accords, 2000 Camp David II Summit, would have given the Palestinians nearly 82 Percent of the West Bank, but Yassir Arafat rejected this, opting for the bloodiest Intifada instead.

    It seems that the reason for such staunch resistance to reasonable compromises had emerged from the so-called Palestinian “Phased Plan,” inaugurated in June 1974 by the Palestinian National Council. This called for a strategy to “liberate” all of Palestine through both armed struggle and diplomatic double-talk – in effect, dismantle the 1948 UN created Jewish State of Israel. Established under such violent conditions, such a state would be a haven for assorted jihadist terror groups, including al-Qaeda. In Hamas-governed Gaza, this is not merely a possible scenario, but vividly presents a living reality.

    In fact, judging by its past performance and its geo-political constraints already mentioned, a future Palestinian state would be unstable and violent at best. The Fatah and Hamas armed militias will fight not over ideology, but as much as over turf and profits. Again, this is not a guesstimate but a present reality. Egypt, Jordan, Saudi and Arabia would each seek to control such a state, while Shiite Iran would try to create a second Hezbollah in Gaza if not in the West Bank – all of which would eventually lead to regional wars, increased terrorism and possibly nuclear war. Iran, moreover, would use jihadist elements in Gaza and the West Bank to destabilize the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and replace it with a jihadist regime.

    Under the circumstances, the only reasonable solution to the Palestinian’s plight would be a “Jordanian Option”, which would absorb Palestinian territories and people in a Jordan-Palestinian confederation.

    But this option is precisely what the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan fears to happen. And King Abdullah II has every reason to avoid this like the Plague. It all happened in the past. Rather than attempting to establish an independent Palestinian State in the West Bank after the 1948 War, then King Abdullah of Jordan formally annexed the West Bank, thereby uniting the two banks of the Jordan River under the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, giving all resident Palestinians automatic Jordanian citizenship. This situation, remains until June 1967, when Egypt’s President Abdul Nasser scammed young King Hussein to attack Israel, resulting in the Kingdom losing all its West Bank territories and receiving instead a massive refugee influx, which grew, in time, to become more than 70% of the Jordanian population. The inevitable omen happened soon after, when during the terrible ” Black September” 1970 King Hussein feared for his kingdom, as Palestinian factions, led by Yassir Arafat threatened a takeover, supported by Egypt and Saudi Arabia, barely winning by a thread with a determined armed intervention, fending off a Syrian-Iraqi military offensive, but not without willing, though low-profile Israeli help.

    Under the highly tense situation presently prevailing, as Palestinian-Israeli peace talks are deadlocked and U.S. White House desperately looking for a solution out of this seeming endless nightmare, the Hashemite leadership in Amman is under extreme alarm status. In recent months, the Hashemite kingdom of Jordan has been awash in rumors about a US-Israeli plan to turn Jordan into a Palestinian state. Across the border, where Israel, ruled by the rightwing government, Knesset (Israel’s parliament) members have once more mentioned Jordan being the rightful Palestinian Statehood. Jordan is also alarmed by rumors regarding a US-backed scheme to turn Jordan into a homeland for Palestinians, King Abdullah is planning a series of ad-hoc steps to foil any attempt to resettle Palestinian refugees in the kingdom.

    Sofar reports indicate that at least 40,000 Palestinians are believed to have already lost their status as Jordanian citizens in recent months. Fearing a plot by Palestinian officers serving in his armed forces, the king has ordered a massive purge of the Jordanian military, forcing hundreds of officers into early retirement. Although the official pretext seemed organizational, none of the officers dismissed from active duty bear Bedouin tribal names, which are regarded loyal to the Royal Household.

    Political analysts in Amman said the monarch was “extremely nervous” because of the growing rumors. They said that the king and others members of the royal family were convinced that the new government in Israel was quietly pushing for the idea of transforming Jordan into a homeland for the Palestinians.

    King Abdullah II plight and the Israel-Palestinian deadlock are not the only crisis flashpoints currently destabilizing the Middle East. Baghdad is once more going up in flames, Iraqi and Syrians are at loggerheads blaming each other, Hezbollah is rearming with Iranian support, its rocket arsenals filled once more to the brim with deadly weapons threatening Israel. It seems that there is already growing concern among those who backed Barack Obama’s “new” approach to the Middle East when he took office 10 months ago. If Washington’s administrators will continue to ignore the fact that clocks in the Middle East go different, than Obama’s highly publicized “Road Map” will only add furor to an already dangerously simmering powderkeg. Based on his questionable performance sofar, the best one can conclude on President Obama’s new Mideast vision is: “total confusion”.

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    Europe’s “Drone Wall”

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    TADTE 2025: Reflecting Taiwan’s Strategic Themes

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